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Stokes's Bristol Nightclub incident in detail (From: The Comeback Summer by Geoff Lemon)

IF YOU’RE LOOKING for a place where misadventure could begin, you can’t go past Mbargo. The nightclub’s streetfront is painted a purple so bright you’ll see it in your dreams. Strings of giant sequins shimmer in the breeze. Its phonically inventive name is spelt in silver letters that climb its three-storey terrace facade. Inside are strips of burning neon, a few booths, floorboards so marinated in drink that they have an ingredients list. Bristol is a student city on England’s south coast crowded with music and nightlife and street art. This is Banksy’s home town, and the tourism board suggests in rather strong terms that ‘you would be a fool not to see his amazing work firsthand’. The same organisation describes Mbargo as ‘intimate’, which is fair for a place where you can catch an STI standing up. Students cram into its modest dimensions while people with names like DJ Klaud battle for billing with £1.50 drink deals over seven sloppy nights a week. To get a sense of the story about to come, consider that it’s the kind of place open until two o’clock on a Monday morning, and that at two o’clock on a Monday morning, Ben Stokes still thought it had closed too early.
The Ashes of 2017–18 had disciplinary bookends. It was after that series that Australia’s two leaders went off the rails in South Africa. It was a few weeks before that Ashes tour that England’s biggest star windmilled his way into his own disaster.
In the early hours of 25 September 2017, Stokes and teammate Alex Hales were barred from re-entering Mbargo after a night out on the piss. A Sunday thrashing of an abject West Indies in an ignored series at the fag-end of the season apparently required ample celebration. After arguing with the bouncer and hanging about at the door for a while, they wandered off to find a casino in the hope of more drinking. They’d barely made it around the corner before getting in the middle of a conflict between four locals. As is said on the internet, it escalated quickly.
The 26 September reporting was bloodless. Withholding names, police stated that a man ‘was arrested on suspicion of causing actual bodily harm’ while another went to hospital with facial injuries. England’s director of cricket Andrew Strauss separately confirmed that Stokes was the arrestee, adding that he had been released without charge and that Hales had gamely offered to ‘help police with their enquiries’. Administrators had a good chance of hiding behind that investigation, and the next day Stokes was named in the upcoming Ashes squad as expected. But that night the video emerged.
Bristol student Max Wilson had shot it on his phone, then offered it to The Sun. What he thought was playing hardball was actually lowball: his opening price of £3000 was snapped up by a tabloid that would have paid ten times that. The Sun went on to make a mint by syndicating the rights worldwide. From a window above the fray, the vision showed six men on the street below performing the muddled choreography of a melee. One was right at the centre of it. One was waving a bottle, one dipped in and out, one tried to calm it. Two others floated around the edges. The central figure was unmistakable: red hair burning even in the streetlight as he launched into a series of blows against two of the men, falling to grapple with them on the ground, then following both across the street, swinging punches the whole way. Hales trailed behind, repeatedly and impotently shouting ‘Stokes! Stop! Stokes! Enough!’ The ECB could fudge issues that existed only in thickets of legalese, but not those captured in moving colour. Stokes was stood down from the next West Indies match, then suspended indefinitely. It emerged that he had broken his hand during the fight, something he’d done twice before while punching objects in dressing rooms.
The response in Australia was fierce: Stokes was a thug, a lowlife, a selection that would disgrace England. It was not entirely coincidental that a ban for England’s best player would be handy for the Aussie team, but there was also a cultural split. In England, plenty of people still minimise pub fights as lads letting off steam. In Australia, heavy media coverage as a succession of young men were killed had inverted that tolerance. The discourse now saw any punch as potentially deadly and accordingly reckless. This was more poignant in a cricket context given that David Hookes, the dashing Test batsman and state coach, was killed in 2004 by a pub bouncer’s fist.
The PR situation was bad for Stokes as details emerged of the injuries to the men he’d hit, and that one was a young war veteran and father. Stokes wasn’t officially removed from the Ashes squad through October but stayed behind when his teammates left, hoping for police to dismiss the matter in time for a late dash to Australia. His annual contract was renewed on the due date in case that came to pass. Then 29 October brought a twist in the tale.
‘Ben Stokes praised by gay couple after defending them from homophobic thugs,’ ran the headline. Kai Barry and Billy O’Connell had emerged. Not entirely out of nowhere: while Stokes had made no public comment, this story in his defence had initially been leaked to TV host Piers Morgan after the fight, as soon as the video appeared. Police body-camera footage played in court would later show that Stokes had given the same story to the arresting officer on the night. But no-one knew the identities of the fifth and sixth men in the video, and police appeals had turned up nothing.
It was The Sun again with the breakthrough. Kai and Billy were perfect for a readership not keen on nuance. ‘We couldn’t believe it when we found out they were famous cricketers. I just thought Ben and Alex were quite hot, fit guys,’ said Kai, who was memorably described as a ‘former House of Fraser sales assistant’. The paper had the pair do a full photo shoot: layering the fake tan, showing off chest waxes, mixing Ralph Lauren and Louis Vuitton into a range of outfits. Their best shot had them standing back to back, heads turned to the camera, in a mirror-image Zoolander moment.
Suddenly The Sun was the England team’s best friend. ‘Their claims could lead to the all-rounder being cleared over the punch-up and freed to play in the First Test in Australia next month,’ it gushed, then gave a tasting platter of quotes: ‘We were so grateful to Ben for stepping in to help. He was a real hero.’ ‘If Ben hadn’t intervened it could have been a lot worse for us.’ ‘We could’ve been in real trouble. Ben was a real gentleman.’ Would it be known forever as Kai and Billy’s Ashes? No. While the Bristol boys provided spin for Stokes’ reputation they didn’t influence the police. With charges still pending there was little choice – not given Strauss had previously sacked Kevin Pietersen for being annoying. Stokes remained suspended through the Ashes and a one-day series in Australia, and lost the vice-captaincy. It was January 2018 before the Crown Prosecution Service laid a charge.
That charge surprisingly came in as affray, a crime that can carry prison time but is classified as ‘a breach of the peace as a result of disorderly conduct’. The men he had punched, Ryan Ali and Ryan Hale, faced the same count, charged as equal participants in a fight rather than Stokes being charged with assaulting them. Alex Hales was not charged, despite being seen in the video to aim several kicks when Ryan Ali was lying on the ground. Given the underwhelming standing of the offence, Stokes was cleared by the ECB to tour New Zealand, and kept playing until his trial in August 2018, which he missed a Test to attend. None of the three defendants would be convicted.
The reasoning behind the charges was never released and was attributed vaguely to ‘CPS lawyers’. The service gave the case to Alison Morgan, a prosecutor of a class known as Treasury Counsel who usually handle serious criminal matters. Morgan had a scheduling clash and never ended up court for the case, but in 2018 and 2019 she would go on to win damages and admissions of libel from The Daily Mail, The Times and The Daily Telegraph variously for incorrectly reporting that she had been responsible for the inadequate and inconsistent charging decisions.
Morgan’s successor on the case was Nicholas Corsellis QC, who on the first day of trial was permitted by the CPS to request two assault charges be added against Stokes. ‘Upon further review,’ claimed a CPS statement, ‘we considered that additional assault charges would also be appropriate.’ This was patent nonsense from the service that eight months earlier had chosen the lesser charge. Any lawyer knows that no judge will allow new charges once a trial has begun, because the defence hasn’t had time to prepare. But such a request could deflect criticism of the prosecution service by technically making the judge the one who disallows the charge.
Working through the story from the trial and the tape is complicated. You had a Ryan and a Ryan, a Hale and a Hales, a Billy and a Barry and a Ben. You had several versions of events as to who knew whom, who was drinking with whom, who had insulted whom and who had merely engaged in ‘banter’, a word that in modern Britain has to do an unconscionable amount of lifting. The reporting had constantly mixed up the Ryans as to who had which injury, who was in hospital, who had played which part in the fight, and whose mum had which stern words to say about it.
Let’s agree that from now Ryan Ali is Ryan One, the firefighter who ended up with a fractured eye socket and a cracked tooth. Ryan Two can be Ryan Hale, the soldier who scored concussion and facial lacerations. Mr Barry and Mr O’Connell are best known per The Sun as Kai and Billy. In scorecard parlance we’ll leave the cricketers as Stokes and Hales.
Amid the confusion, Stokes and his lawyers built his case in a straightforward way. The UK legal definition of affray is ‘if a person threatens or uses unlawful violence or force towards another person, which causes another person of reasonable firmness present at the scene to fear for their safety’. That means it doesn’t account for violence that harms a target, but violence that might frighten a theoretical bystander. The wiggle room for Stokes was with ‘unlawful’, because the charge excuses violence in defending oneself or others.
This interpretation hinged on the beginning of the video, where Ryan One waves a beer bottle about and takes a swing at Kai. The version from Stokes was that he was minding his own business walking down the street when he heard homophobic abuse. He intervened verbally and was threatened verbally by Ryan One – something that Ryan One denied but that couldn’t be proved or disproved. In fear for his safety Stokes had to nullify that threat by bashing Ryan One before it went the other way. He registered Ryan Two in his peripheral vision as another possible threat, and again had only one recourse.
Stokes also had to convince the jury to disregard testimony from Mbargo’s bouncer that he had been looking for a fight. A solid lump of a man, Andrew Cunningham had not enjoyed his patron’s attempts to get back into the club after the bouncer declined an offer of a bribe. ‘He got a bit verbally abusive towards myself. He mentioned my gold teeth and he said I looked like a cunt and I replied, “Thank you very much.” He just looked at me and told me my tattoos were shit and to look at my job.’ Cunningham described these words as coming in ‘a spiteful tone, quite an angry tone’, and said that Stokes still seemed angry as he walked away.
These were details the doorman had nothing to gain by inventing, but each of them Stokes denied. By his own accounting he had drunk a beer at the game and three pints at his hotel, then ‘potentially had some Jägerbombs’ along with half a dozen vodkas at the club. He insisted that after all of this he was not drunk.
If I may take a moment here to call upon the wisdom of experience – a person who cannot definitively say whether they have had any Jägerbombs has definitely had some Jägerbombs. A Jägerbomb is an experience that does not pass one by. Further to that, a person who says they have ‘potentially’ done something has definitely done that thing and doesn’t want to admit it. A person who has had between 15 and 24 standard drinks in one evening is shitfaced. A person who tries to bribe a bouncer £300 – three hundred quid! – to get into Mbargo – Mbargo! – is beyond shitfaced.
If Stokes admitted that he was drunk then the prosecution could say he was out of control. He claimed clear recall of assessing a threat, feeling fear and deciding to protect himself with force. He confidently denied details from the bouncer’s testimony, like using the word ‘cunt’ or mentioning gold teeth. Yet on other details he claimed a ‘significant memory blackout’. He didn’t remember the punch that saw Ryan One taken away by ambulance. He didn’t remember what the Ryans had said to Kai and Billy, only that those words were homophobic. With no head injury, as one of the few people who hadn’t been hit, he had supposedly suffered this memory loss despite being sober.
The version from Kai and Billy was compatible but vague: they had been walking along, they ‘heard … shouts’ of abuse from an unspecified source, then Stokes ‘stepped in’ and thus they avoided possible harm. They claimed to have been bought a drink by Stokes at Mbargo, although CCTV showed them meeting outside. The overall implication from both accounts was that the cricketers had been pals with Kai and Billy, while the Ryans as per The Sun’s headline were a roving band of thugs.
The reality though is that the Ryans were the ones hanging out with Kai and Billy at Mbargo. Police discussed CCTV from inside the club in questioning and at trial. On that footage the four Bristolians bought drinks for one another, danced together, and Kai was noted to have variously touched Ryan Two’s crotch and Ryan One’s buttock. Ryan One told police that all of this was taken lightheartedly and wasn’t a problem. Indeed, when the Ryans called it a night the other two left with them.
This much is clear from footage out the front of Mbargo, which shows Kai and Billy exit the club and start talking with a subdued Hales and a demonstrative Stokes, who are stuck outside. The vision was played in court to determine whether Stokes was antagonistic towards Kai and Billy, as he appears to impersonate them and to throw a lit cigarette their way. More interesting is that after a few minutes the Ryans emerge, and all six actors in the fight video briefly form a prequel in the one frame.
Ryan Two pats Billy on the chest in friendly fashion with his right hand before clapping him on the back with his left. He moves past and does the same to Kai before leaving the shot. Ryan One stops to speak to Kai. They lean in for a moment, talking, then Kai turns and they walk out of frame together. Billy hangs around for a few seconds at the door and then looks after them and races to catch up. Stokes and Hales remain outside the club to remonstrate further with the bouncers. Whatever discord develops around the corner is between four men who left amicably together minutes earlier.
There’s no way to know what caused that friction. If Ryan One did use homophobic slurs, he might have been drunkenly obnoxious for no reason. He might have had an insecure macho response to some extra flirtation. He might have thought unkindness was funny – ‘banter’ once again. Or he might have said something that was misunderstood, as both Ryans insisted in court that they had not used nor had the impulse to use any abusive language.
What clearly didn’t happen was an attack by bigots on random passers-by. This kind of crime is regular enough that an audience understands the horror of it, and this is what was evoked by the public accounts of Stokes, Billy and Kai. All we know is that there was some verbal dispute among the Bristol locals, and that Stokes came along behind them and put himself in the middle of it. Ryan One responded to the interference aggressively and away they went. There are plenty of reasons to look sideways at the idea that Stokes was a saviour. Foremost, neither Kai nor Billy was called upon as witnesses in court. You’d think it would be ideal to have Stokes’ story backed up by those who benefited from his selflessness. But his defence team had developed the impression that the pair had shown a changeable recall of events amid a hard-partying lifestyle, and would be dismantled by the prosecution on the stand.
That raises the question of whether The Sun coached their quotes for the 2017 interview. Despite missing court, Kai and Billy clearly enjoyed the attention. In 2018 after the trial they did a follow-up spread in the same paper about how poor Ben had been mistreated. They got a television spot on Good Morning Britain and glowed about his heroism. In 2019 The Sun wheeled them out once more to say that Stokes should get a knighthood. In 2017 they had ‘never watched cricket’ but by 2019 were supposedly volunteering sentences like, ‘He saved us, now he’s saved the Ashes.’ Whether they were paid for these appearances is not known, but the chance to be famous for a day can be lure enough.
If you find this cynical, consider that on the night in question, the Bristol boys were so deeply moved and thankful for Ben’s intervention that they left him to be arrested and never attempted to find out who he was. Seconds after the video ended, an off-duty policeman reached the scene. You might think that someone grateful to a saviour would speak on his behalf. Instead, said Kai, ‘it all got a bit scary so we walked off. It was too much for me and we went to Quigley’s takeaway for chicken burgers and cheesy chips.’ They didn’t give their hero a thought for over a month while police issued multiple appeals for witnesses.
As for Stokes, he told his arresting officer that ‘his friends’ had been attacked. After three minutes of chat outside a nightclub, these friends were so dear to him that he has never contacted them again: not after the newspaper piece, not after the verdict. He didn’t want to see how they were or thank them for their support. He didn’t mention them by name in his solicitor’s statement after the trial.
The Stokes defence rested on Ryan One’s bottle, which he had carried out of Mbargo to finish a beer, not to use in a Sharks versus Jets amateur production. But once he turned it over to hold it by the neck it became a weapon. Intent and interpretation can change the material nature of things. Part of Stokes’ justification in court was that the bottle implied that the two Ryans might have ‘other weapons’ hidden away. You can understand how a jury could decide that created doubt.
Not being convicted, though, doesn’t give the contents of the video a big green tick. It does not, as his lawyer claimed, vindicate Stokes. Looking in detail, Ryan One is belligerent but his movements telegraph a bluff. Hales is the person he’s gesturing at, but they’re several metres apart when Ryan One cocks his arm ostentatiously, showing off the bottle rather than bracing to swing. He skips forward but Hales skips back and Ryan One doesn’t follow. Kai stretches out an arm to impede Ryan One, who has a drunken stumble, nearly eats pavement, then staggers towards Kai and hits him in the back. That hand is still holding the bottle, but his strike is a side-arm cuff on a soft part of the body. It’s all pretty tame.
This is where Stokes gets involved. Having moved across to protect Hales, he now takes three large steps to run around Kai and booms his first punch at Ryan One. They fall to the ground and the bottle clinks away. Stokes gets to his feet to punch down at the fallen man, while Hales arrives to kick him ineffectively then runs off across the street for some unknown reason. Ice-cream van? Stokes is soon back in the grapple having his shirt pulled up to show off his Durham tan. Ryan Two steps in for the first time to pull Stokes away, prompting a couple more random punches at this new target, then Stokes trips backwards over Ryan One and sprawls in the street. Hales chooses this moment to return and aim some solid kicks at the head of the man on the ground. Nothing so far is a triumph of moral philosophy or the pugilistic arts. But if it all stopped here, perhaps you could say it was somewhere approaching fair. Ryan One has behaved like a turnip and it’s not an entirely unjust world that would give him a whack across the chops. The antagonists have disentangled, Stokes has some distance, it’s time to dust off and go home. Ryan Two steps forward for this purpose with his palm raised in conciliatory style and says, ‘Settle down, stop.’
So Stokes punches him.
It’s roughly his fifth punch overall, and he really winds up into this one. He misses so hard that he stumbles away into the shadows of the shop awnings along the road.
Hales starts shouting for him to stop. Ryan Two backs into the street, still holding his palm up. Stokes closes on him from about five metres away, six large steps, to where Ryan Two is standing on his own. Stokes pushes him a couple of times, as Ryan Two keeps trying to placate him and saying ‘Stop.’ Stokes throws his sixth punch, largely missing as his target ducks.
Ryan Two keeps pulling away and reversing, into the middle of the street now. Stokes follows him, grabbing his sleeve to drag him back. By this point Ryan One has found his feet and walked around behind his friend. Both of them are in the same line of sight for Stokes, and both are backing away. Stokes aims his seventh and his eighth punches, which Ryan Two tries to deflect, as Hales walks up behind Stokes to grab him.
Stokes yanks away from his friend and switches to Ryan One instead, taking seven paces to grab him before throwing his ninth punch of the night. He grabs again; Ryan One blocks that arm and pushes himself back away from Stokes. Ryan Two again intercedes, putting himself between the two with his palms up and his arm extended.
Stokes throws his tenth punch, a right-hander at the face of Ryan Two, then shoves him backwards. Ryan Two backs away once more, four paces. Stokes follows, steadies, lines up, then launches his strongest punch yet, his eleventh, a proper right hook from a solid base, one that cracks across the man’s head and gives him concussion. Ryan Two ends up flat on his back in the middle of the street, his hands still outstretched for a moment in useless protest until they twitch and drop to the blacktop.
Stokes isn’t done. He once more shoves away the restraining Hales and follows Ryan One, who keeps backing away saying, ‘Alright, alright, alright.’ Five more paces from Stokes before another blow at the man’s head. Kai and Billy are now standing over the poleaxed Ryan Two. The video ends, but seconds later Stokes will punch Ryan One hard enough to knock him out too, before off-duty cop Andrew Spure arrives on the scene to bring down the curtain. When the body-camera footage kicks in some minutes later, Stokes is in handcuffs but Ryan One is still laid out in the street. Ryan Two has regained consciousness, folded his shirt under his friend’s head and is asking police for an ambulance.
‘At this point, I felt vulnerable and frightened. I was concerned for myself and others.’ This was how Stokes described that sequence to the court. An elite athlete with years of gym work and training to snap a bat through the line of a ball with astounding power and precision, swinging fists as hard as he can at men with none of those advantages. Punching so hard that he breaks his hand, and repeatedly shoving away a friend so he can punch some more. Frightened and threatened by two targets shouting ‘Get back!’ and ‘Stop!’
The off-duty officer testified that Stokes ‘seemed to be the main aggressor or was progressing forward trying to get to’ Ryan One, who was ‘trying to back away or get away from the situation’. The student who filmed the video can be heard on the tape at one stage exclaiming ‘Fuck!’ and testified that it was because ‘I felt a little bit sorry about the lad that had been punched and it looked like he had his hands up’. That tallied with the prosecutor’s depiction of ‘a sustained episode of significant violence that left onlookers shocked at what was taking place’.
The defendant stuck to his strategy. ‘No, my sole focus was to protect myself.’ All up, in the 33 seconds of footage after he falls over, Stokes takes 35 steps forward to keep hitting two men who keep trying to get away. Not once is he hit back.
After the verdict, Stokes’ solicitor positioned him as the victim. It had been ‘an eleven-month ordeal for Ben … The jury’s decision fairly reflects the truth of what happened that night … He was minding his own business … It was only when others came under threat that Ben became physically engaged. The steps that he took were solely aimed at ensuring the safety of himself and the others present …’ The statement was impossibly self-righteous and self-absorbed.
If there was anyone to feel sorry for it was Ryan Hale, the second of our two Ryans. He’s the one who emerged from the club with a friendly arm around the shoulder for Kai and Billy. He’s the one who interposed himself to end the fight, then kept putting himself back in the firing line, trying to calm an intimidating stranger while dodging blows. For his show of restraint he got laid out regardless, concussed in the street, then was issued a criminal charge equal to that of the man who hit him, and described in national media as a violent bigot in an untested story to support that man’s defence.
Lawyers for Ryan Two made a more convincing post-trial statement, noting that Kai and Billy, ‘neither of whom were relied upon by the prosecution or the defence team for Mr Stokes, have taken the opportunity to speak with various media outlets about the alleged homophobic abuse that they received in the early hours of September 25. Mr Hale has passionately denied this allegation throughout the course of this case,’ it continued.
‘It is upsetting to Mr Hale that although he was acquitted, the accusation that he was the author of such abuse remains. Both Mr Hale and Mr Ali were knocked unconscious by Mr Stokes, and although Mr Stokes has been acquitted of an affray, Mr Hale struggles with the reasons why the Crown Prosecution Service did not treat him as a victim of an unlawful assault.’Good question. Avon and Somerset police were the investigating force, and they were frustrated by the decision. Ryan Two was filmed clearly not hurting anyone, but police were instructed by the CPS to proceed with a charge. Hales (the cricketer) was filmed fighting but ‘a decision was made at a senior level of the CPS’ not to proceed. Police expected Stokes to be charged with assault but the CPS declined. It doesn’t take a wild cynic to think that placing the same lukewarm charge on three men for vastly divergent behaviour might ensure that none would be convicted, even as the trial would maintain the pretence that a defendant of influential standing had not been given a free pass.
A couple of years down the line, the original interview with Kai and Billy has disappeared. All traces have been scrubbed from The Sun website, its social media history, and even from the Wayback Machine internet archive. Given its headline of ‘homophobic thugs’ and text that names Ryan Two but not Ryan One, the libel liability isn’t hard to spot. Later interviews with Kai and Billy take the passive voice – they ‘suffered homophobic slurs outside a Bristol nightclub’.
The article that was once claimed to exonerate brave Ben Stokes now links only to a missing content page, with a picture of a dropped ice-cream cone and the phrase ‘legal removal’ inserted into the web URL. In terms of consequences, Stokes missed one tour. When he resumed his career in January 2018, the Australians hadn’t yet ruined theirs. Their year-long bans looked much more stringent. But the Stokes case dragged on in other ways. With no criminal liability, the Australians confessed promptly enough for the sporting world to give them the full length of the lash. Their situation was ugly but there was closure. Stokes got stuck in legal stasis, unable to be fully backed or condemned. Instead his issue was always present, a browser full of open tabs that the ECB swore they would read any day now.
Through 2018 Stokes was back but he wasn’t back, in the sunglasses and finger-guns sense. In his return one-day series he nearly cost England a match with 39 from 73 balls in Wellington. His first Test hit was a duck as England got rolled in Auckland for 58. At Trent Bridge while Stokes was injured, England posted a world record 481 against Australia. With Stokes three weeks later at the same ground they made 268. He crawled to 50 from 103, the second-slowest any Englishman had reached that milestone in 20 years. That span covered Alastair Cook’s whole career. It was apologetic batting, acting out responsibility via the scorecard. Stokes was creeping back into the team like he’d been kicked out in a blazing row and was hoping to tip-toe to the sofa.
It was December 2018 before the ECB disciplinary committee ruled on him and Hales. In a ‘remarkable coincidence’, wrote Simon Heffer in The Telegraph, ‘the punishment both players faced in terms of bans from playing at international level was covered by the amount of games they had already missed when dropped by England’s selectors, in the furore that followed the incident’. The verdict compounded the omissions around the case by not addressing the violence at its heart. Nor did Stokes, apologising only ‘to my team-mates, coaches and support staff’, and then ‘to England supporters and to the public for bringing the game into disrepute’.
The implicit next step was to rebuild that reputation. It might have been easier had his court defence not meant that he wasn’t game to admit any fault at all. It might have been easier if he or his advisers had been willing to change tack once the trial was done. Imagine a world where Stokes had stood outside court and apologised for overreacting, for the injuries he’d caused, and for the time and energy he had sucked out of other people’s lives. That would have been a show of responsibility beyond a scorecard. When the time came around to assess forgiveness, it might have meant forgiveness was deserved.
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DeFi: Why There is no Need to be Hasty

I have seen many posts across the Cardano community about how ETH’s DeFi rush will give ETH the first movers advantage in a winner take all DeFi ecosystem.
First, I know how anxious many of you feel. We see another project with a fervor of activity while IOG is still working behind semi-closed doors on Goguen. We all want Cardano to live up to its potential and its scary when it looks like another platform is racing ahead.
However, let us take some time to think of this from first principles and ask, “Why is DeFi a winner take all situation?” If you look at the tech ecosystem, platforms that are labeled “Winner take all” platforms are closed systems. Not every business that calls itself a platform, online or not, is not in a winner take all market. That said, winner take all really is a misnomer, even the strongest closed network tech companies with the strongest of feedback loops have competition.
  1. Facebook has TikTok and Snapchat
  2. Amazon has Wayfair while Target and Walmart online are catching up extremely fast
  3. Netflix has Hulu/Disney Plus, HBO Max, Apple TV+, Prime Video and CrunchyRoll
  4. Spotify has Apple Music, Pandora, iHeartRadio, Youtube Music, Amazon Music, Google Music
In the finance space things generally are not winner take all because the system is interoperable (imagine what would happen to Bank of America tomorrow if it announced that it is no longer accepting deposits from other banks?). As an example, I can ACH money from Citibank to UBS, buy stock there, then transfer it with ACATS to Interactive Brokers.
Looking at the financial markets, there are so many different institutions, many of them extremely large.
  1. Banks: Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan, Morgan Stanley, Bank of America, Wells Fargo, Citibank, and Bank of New York Mellon are all massive institutions; and those are just the large bulge brackets, there are a ton more regional banks and smaller institutions),
  2. Brokerage houses: Charles Schwab, Interactive Brokers, Robinhood, Fidelity, TD Ameritrade
  3. Asset Managers: BlackRock, State Street, Vanguard, PIMCO, Wellington Asset Management and JP Morgan Asset Management, all have more than $1 Trillion dollars in AUM
  4. Insurance Companies: MetLife, State Farm, Berkshire Hathaway, Progressive, Allstate, Liberty Mutual, Travelers, Chubb, USAA all write $10s of billions of dollars of premium a year
  5. Hedge Funds: Bridgewater, Citadel, AQR, Renaissance Technologies, DE Shaw, Elliot Management, Bracebridge, Panagora Asset Management all have $10s or $100+ of billions under management, and again those are just the big guys)
Seriously, just go look up how large these companies are. Those are the guys we are going for, not some fly-by-night DeFi script kiddy who lost $200mm dollars because they forgot to call the correct method in their smart contract.
Oh, and that list I included, those are only the large firms. I did not even touch upon the myriad of boutique and regional firms. I also haven't even gotten to any international firms yet, or mentioned other entities like the DTCC, prop-trading firms, family offices, private banks or sovereign wealth funds like GIC/Temasek and CIC with over a trillion dollars under management.
Also keep in mind that while DeFi might feel full of vitality and growth, what are people in the market really doing? What real world activity are people borrowing do to on crypto platforms? People are not borrowing on DeFi to start businesses, build homes or pay for school. They are borrowing to fund margin loans so they can leverage and maximize their yield. It is just a moderately sized casino*** with a cardboard sign duct-taped over that reads "Bank." The current total value locked in De-Fi is $9bn at most which is tiny. I have been at large asset management firms with single accounts with more money than that. Even if De-FI on ETH miraculously grows by 700x without any blowups, it will still be smaller than the AUM of the largest asset management firm by over $100bn.
Lastly, I think people underestimate the issues ETH has ahead of it. Read this medium post and this academic paper about priority gas auctions, DeX front running and transaction ordering dependence vulnerabilities [0, 1] and how this not only impacts users but affects the security properties of the consensus layer. Additionally, ETH 2.0 does little to fix the fee issue, for that they are working on EIP-1559 which is still contentious and will be hard to ship without on chain governance, which also isn't included in ETH 2.0 either. Even further still, ETH will need to do a difficult hard fork to implement these changes, while Cardano has HFC events which are operationally less complex and easier to execute. There are still so many kinks to work out. ETH isn’t the iPhone moment, ETH is pretty much the 10lb Motorola voice only cellphone (more like a blunt weapon) that costs the same as a pedigreed show dog.
TLDR; The market is still in its absolute infancy. The space we all can disrupt is massive. Fighting over the current market is like fighting over a parking space when you have the entire continental United States to explore. While the project can’t stagnate or rest on its laurels (which I don’t think is happening), it can take its time to be methodical to ensure that when the world financial markets are onboarded onto the blockchain that Cardano has the research, codebase, infrastructure and community to step up to the challenge and excel.
*** Las Vegas Sands and MGM Resorts each made more money in the last 12 months--even with COVID--than the TVL of DeFi assets on ETH. Yet, the icing on the cake is that the Macau gambling market is 4x the size of Vegas so even the gambling industry is much bigger than DeFi right now.
[0] https://medium.com/@danrobinson/ethereum-is-a-dark-forest-ecc5f0505dff
[1] https://arxiv.org/pdf/1904.05234.pdf (its long but all you need is the first 3-ish pages)
submitted by factorNeutral to cardano [link] [comments]

[Thank you] Thank yous to some awesome people!

Finally got my act together to post my monthly thank you list! So, without further adieu - here it is:
u/Jamiesayss – thank you for the cute postcard you picked out for our exchange!
u/uncutprideofthebull – I love the card you made! So glad to hear your migraines are gone (for now!) – I get them from time to time and it just sucks so I know what you were going through!
u/travel4me22 (x2) - thank you for the awesome card to celebrate my new 500 flair!!! And I am so glad I was the 100th thank you to get you to your new 100th flair! How cool is that?! Also, I have the same “happy mail” stamp that you do but yours looks 1000% better than when I use mine. What am I doing wrong??? Is it the ink you use or how you stamp it? Why am I so bad at it?? Lol
u/historymysterygal – I love the birthday card you sent! I am definitely looking up the website – my birthday card stash always seems to be lacking.
u/kimmylubs (x2)– thanks for the birthday wishes etc. I just sent you a card telling you about my brother’s visit….and they want to come back at Christmas. Already worried about it!
u/travellincat – I love the USPS mail truck sticker (and the funny joke) – I need to know where you got those!
u/theverygoodgirl – I just loved your handmade card! I have a few of the same paper ephemera and haven’t used it because I am not as creative as you. I also loved the naptime playlist lol I might have to go take a nap after I finish these overdue thank yous!
u/somedrawer – thank you for the Christmas in August card! I just organized all of my holiday cards, stickers, washi etc and now I am wanting to send out Christmas cards too! I’m working on my Halloween cards first though – can’t believe the stores have Halloween candy in them already!
u/halochanel – I got your luau RSVP! Your luau party card will be on its way shortly!
u/amabisca – thank you so much for the cute Bugs Bunny postcard! I also love your RAOC sticker – I really need to go on etsy or somewhere and get some RAOC stickers they are always so cute!
u/sivisamari – thank you so much for the handmade card! I just love seeing everyone’s artistic creativity!
u/onlycompletely – what a gorgeous card!!! I think I am going to frame this one for my nightstand! I am not surprised that most people picked Midsummer’s Night Dream as their favorite – although you really can’t go wrong with most of Shakespeare’s plays.
u/lonelytwatwaffle – thank you for the surprise card and stickers. I am sad that your mailman turned out to be a dud (because of course, it’s him not you). Do you want me to file an anonymous complaint with the USPS so he gets reassigned and you have a shot with a new mailman? Given all the drama going on at the USPS I think I could probably make it happen lol
u/xJaneDoe – I am so glad to hear my card inspired you to get some cheese curds. I hope you kept them all for yourself – I know I hate to share mine!
u/gigi700gigi – thank you for the cute card! I loved the wings and beer sticker as well. Have you watched that show Hot Ones the Game Show where they make people eat super duper duper hot wings? I can’t believe people subject themselves to such crazy things! However, it is entertaining to watch!
u/pinktini – thanks for the super fancy RSVP to the luau! Your luau party card will be on its way shortly! (I should have commissioned you to make them – yours is so awesome!) Also, I am impressed that your wax seal made it intact!
u/welshfancy (x2) – thank you for the sloth card and for the surprise baseball card! I agree with the season feeling upside down. Sadly, my Brewers are as they say “shitting the bed” and despite almost making it to the World Series last year (I was at that playoff game they lost…sigh) they just can’t seem to get it together this year. Oh well, at least they are staying healthy despite being in contact with the Cardinals right as their clubhouse got sick.
u/talkingroses (x4) – thank you for the birthday card and all of the postcards and extra goodies! I love the Tweedle Dee and Tweedle Dum postcard – my brothers are twins and we used to jokingly call them that sometimes growing up when they were being stupid haha
u/catnamedchicken – I love the card you made and thank you for all of the washi! I especially love the shark washi – I would ask where you got it but I just counted up all of the washi in my collection and I probably need to stop buying more haha (well, at least for awhile!)
u/kinkyzilly318 (x2) – such a cute card you made! I loved the musical sticker you included – I just got some piano themed washi and this sticker will go great with it to make a card! I also loved the llama sticker you used on the other card. I have a bunch of llama stickers and washi as well but somehow haven’t gotten around to making any cards with them yet.
u/lovecraftswidow – overdue thank yous for such a beautiful card! I keep looking at it trying to figure out how you put it all together!
u/talipally – thank you for the card! I am glad you enjoyed the hair salon card! I am going to get mine done on Friday. I always spend way too much money but I don’t have to worry about catastrophies like I wrote about it my card haha. Noah’s Ark tried to open this year at limited capacity but only managed to make it about a month or so before an outbreak happened among the staff and they just decided to close for the rest of the season. It’s sad to see a town that usually is bustling all summer so quiet. Hopefully, next year it will be back to normal!
u/sammsmalls – thank you for the bee themed card! My husband was jealous to learn of your fishing success because he had to cancel his annual Canada fishing trip this year. (I was ok with that because then my freezer doesn’t get filled up haha)
u/CanaMeow – first off, I am sure I’ve gotten some user names wrong in this post so let me just say thank you for fixing them lol – I loved the card you made – how did you do that???? Also, I am jealous you got to see Michelle when you were at Hell’s Kitchen! I went at lunchtime, so I didn’t see her. I got the signature Wellington and it was good but not as good as some stuff I’ve had at his steakhouses. Although, the signature Sticky Toffee Pudding was to die for. I missed my birthday trip this year where we always stay at Caesar’s and am not sure when we will make it back there (we usually go 2-3 times per year) but having some more of that pudding is on my to-do list for sure!
u/sunnybumbebe – I love the ferris wheel card you sent! It’s such a shame that all the county and state fairs here were cancelled this year. Although, I did manage to get some of our state fair’s famous and delicious cream puffs when they did some travelling dates where you could pre-order them and pick them up. Sooooooo good!
u/felineintuition – such a fun story about Jeremiah the alien frog! Although, now I’ve got that song Jeremiah was a bullfrog stuck in my head haha
u/petitegeek01 – I loved the postcard you chose! I would be in so much trouble if I was that close to casinos. Right now the closest one is about 45 minutes away but thankfully it is only a single one! (Still way too close sometimes haha)
u/rlovato – well, first off I am sure I have your user name slightly off so I am counting on u/CanaMeow to fix it for me haha. I loved the parrot postcard you sent! If I had one I would be way too tempted to teach it naughty words lol
u/ecstatic-safe – thank you for the Truth postcard! It seems like that is a word that some people don’t seem to understand the meaning of these days….sigh.
u/velocityoflove – your joke totally cracked me up! I also loved the women in science postcard!
u/stephkempf – whew, so glad to not be “it”! But, I’m gearing up for my turn!!!
submitted by feellikebeingajerk to RandomActsofCards [link] [comments]

A not-so-brief rundown of letters J-L of Jeffrey Epstein's 'Little Black Book'

Below is a rundown of letters J-L of Epstein's contacts. Last year, I wrote about letters A-C. You can check that out here (https://www.reddit.com/conspiracy/comments/cpis3n/a_brief_rundown_of_the_first_ten_pages_of_jeffrey/).
I also wrote about letters D-F on July 5, 2020. You can check that out here (https://www.reddit.com/conspiracy/comments/hlrba8/a_notsobrief_rundown_of_letters_df_in_jeffrey/).
I posted letters G-I on July 13, 2020. You can check that out here (https://www.reddit.com/conspiracy/comments/hqko0y/a_notsobrief_rundown_of_letters_gi_in_jeffrey/). There are some misspelled names. Epstein entered their names like this.
I have bolded some of the more interesting connections and information, but there could be much more that I overlooked. I hope something here strikes an interest in someone and maybe we can get more investigations out of this. Please, if you know anything more about any of these people than what is presented here, post below. I am working off of the unredacted black book found here: https://www.coreysdigs.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Jeffrey-Epsteins-Little-Black-Book-unredacted.pdf
J-L
Jackson, Michael (Samuel Gen): Yes, this is a reference to MJ the singer. However, the numbers listed are not MJ’s. They belong to Samuel Gen, a lawyer for a financial advisor (Jerry Seinfeld’s brother-in-law) who worked for MJ for a while. This one was a reach for Epstein.
Jacobson, Julian: Likely a reference to a Managing Director at several London-based investment firms.
Jagger, Mick: World-famous lead singer of the Rolling Stones. Has been seen in photographs with Ghislaine Maxwell. Actress Rae Dawn Chong claims she slept with Jagger when she was 15 years old.
Jagger, Hatti: Former fashion director for Vogue, Harper’s, and Tatler. Also works as a celebrity stylist and at fashion shows.
jake: Not enough info.
Jameel, Mohammed: Saudi Arabian businessman. CEO of Abdul Latif Jameel, a collective of family-owned businesses that specialize in transportation, investing, and real estate. Royal pervert Prince Andrew infamously partied on Jameel’s yacht during the 2011 London riots (source: https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/prince-andrew-frolicks-on-yacht-with-mystery-147496).
James, Susie: Founder and owner of 123 Send Ltd, a company that provides payment terminals.
Janklow, Linda: Literary agent and wife of Mort Janklow, the primary owner of Janklow & Nesbit Associates, the largest literary agency in the world. Attended a party hosted by Sony Pictures with Epstein, although they are not pictured together (source: https://www.patrickmcmullan.com/search/?event=5b3ef4fb9f92906676446c21). In 2007, Ghislaine Maxwell threw an exclusive party (80 carefully selected guests) at her NYC townhouse to celebrate the opening of a new shop by designer Allegra Hicks (granddaughter-in-law of Earl Mountbatten, who you can read more about in my G-I Epstein thread under India Hicks’s name). One of the eighty guests was Julie Landlow, daughter of Linda and Mort.
Jarecki, Nancy & Andrew: Andrew is a filmmaker, co-founder of Moviefone, and was a producer on Catfish, the documentary that launched the popular MTV show. Andrew’s family was reportedly friends with Jeffrey Epstein. There is an EXCELLENT thread on the connections between the Jarecki family (especially Andrew and Nick’s father, Henry) and Epstein here (source: https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1200044576947556352.html). Quick summary: Henry was born in Nazi Germany; flew on the Lolita Express; is an expert in psychotropic drugs; owns two islands in the British Virgin Islands; founded the first youth center in the British Virgin Islands; lived 2 miles from Epstein in NYC; owns and donates to many sketchy foundations, schools, and organizations; has donated at least $1 million to leftist organizations). Andrew’s wife Nancy created bettybeauty, a company that specializes in hair dye for your nether regions (not kidding).
Jarecki, Nick: The movie director brother of Andrew and son of Henry Jarecki (see link under Andrew & Nancy Jarecki for more info). Reportedly dated Courtney Love (also in Epstein’s ‘Black Book’) in 2015. Photographed with Ghislaine Maxwell at a Gucci party (source: https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/ghislaine-maxwell-and-nick-jarecki-attend-gucci-hosts-a-news-photo/591605562).
Jason (canada): Not enough info. Could be artist Jason Wasserman based out of Canada. The second number listed traces back to Station 16 Gallery in Montreal.
Javier: Javier Banon is former Co-head of Merchant Banking at Lehman Brothers and current Founding Partner of Trilantic Europe.
Jeffries, Tim: Ownedirector of Hamiltons Gallery in London. Best known for dating models Elle Macpherson, Claudia Schiffer, Kylie Minogue and Sophie Dahl (also in Epstein’s ‘Black Book’). Jefferies has attended fundraisers for ARK Academy and the NSPCC. He truly cares about children.
Johnson, Richard & Nadine: Nadine is a millionaire public relations guru. Nadine is a good friend of Ghislaine Maxwell’s. Some clients of Nadine Johnson include spirit cooking extraordinaire Marina Abramovic and hotelier Andre Balazs, good friend of Ghislaine. Richard is one of the most well-known gossip columnists and was the editor of Page Six for twenty-five years. There is a great thread detailing the Johnsons’ ties to the Clintons, Balazs, and others here (source: https://threader.app/thread/1162148078981394432). Basically, Richard Johnson is friendly with the Clintons and, as Page Six Editor, purposely did not report or downplayed stories on the Clintons and Nadine’s clients. He also took bribes. Considering Nadine is a good friend of Ghislaine, it would not be a stretch to assume that Richard could have buried stories on Maxwell and Epstein. I could spend 10 pages on the shady connections these two have.
Johnson, Lucy: Not enough info.
Jones, Ann & Mick: Mick is the guitarist of Foreigner, an immensely popular rock band in the ‘70s and ‘80s. His wife, Ann, is a jewelry designer, and friend of Ghislaine. Ann Jones was photographed at a party with Ghislaine and Donald Trump in 1997 (source: https://www.the-sun.com/news/85818/epstein-madam-ghislaine-maxwell-milked-billionaire-dad-and-threw-lavish-parties-with-beautiful-women/)
Josephson, Barry & Jackie: Barry is a producer and the former President of Production for Columbia Pictures. Jackie is his ex-wife and also a producer.
Karella, Kalliope: Wife of Prince Pierre d’Arenberg. Kalliope is a good friend of Ghislaine Maxwell.
Kastner, Ron: No info found.
Katz, Anton & Robin Plant: Anton is CEO and co-founder of Talos Trading, which specializes in cryptocurrency. Anton and Robin are friends of and have been photographed with Ghislaine (source: https://www.patrickmcmullan.com/search/?person=5b3ef50c9f929066764df255).
Katzeneilenbogen, Mark: Long-time investment banker who used to be based out of South Africa.
Keeling, Sarah: There is a Sarah Keeling in London who is a former British government official with 20 years of experience in national security and intelligence experience, however, the phone number listed has a 410 area code, which leads back to eastern Maryland. Inconclusive.
Kegan, Rory: A nightclub designer and creator. Co-founder of the exclusive, celebrity-filled London nightclub, Chinawhite. Prince Andrew (source: https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/9818190/prince-andrew-pictures-cast-doubt-epstein-sex-slave/) and Prince Albert of Monaco are regulars. Chelsea Clinton has been there, as well (source: https://www.standard.co.uk/news/bright-night-for-china-white-6299739.html). Other patrons include: Prince Andrew, Kate Middleton, George Clooney, Leonardo DiCaprio, and more.
Keidan, Amanda: Owner of Keidan Jewelry.
Keidan, Jon: An entertainment executive-turned-venture capitalist. As an entertainment exec, Keidan worked with John Legend, Dave Matthews Band, and Nappy Roots. Keidan serves on the Council of Foreign Relations, a powerful group that some believe determines foreign policy. Former and current members include former presidents, current and former politicians, business magnates, and celebrities (https://www.cfr.org/membership/roster).
Keller, Georgie: Interior designer.
Kellette Frayse, Caroline: Fashion editor at Vogue and Tatler (both magazines constantly come up in Epstein’s contacts). Former girlfriend of Imran Khan, whose name has come up frequently. Passed away in 2014. Her husband, Jean-Marc Fraysse, is a French investment banker.
Kelmenson, Leo-Arthur & Gayl: Leo was an advertising and marketing guru who has been credited with saving Chrysler. Friend and advisor to Lee Iacocca, former President of Chrysler. He worked as Special Project Officer for the U.S. Department of State under President John F. Kennedy and AG Robert F. Kennedy. He had tons of connections. His former maid accused him of sexual harassment in 2010 (source: https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/maid-harassment-suit-claims-ad-exec-leo-arthur-kelmenson-madman-pervy-mad-men-wannabe-article-1.156915). Kelmenson died less than two months after the story came out.
Kennedy Cuomo, Andrew & Kerry: Andrew is the current governor of New York. It’s no secret that Cuomo is willing to look the other way on sexual deviancy as long as he receives a payoff. Cuomo halted a probe into the handling of Harvey Weinstein’s case in New York after receiving $25,000 from Weinstein’s law firm (source: https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/bjbqg4/andrew-cuomo-received-dollar25000-donation-from-harvey-weinsteins-law-firm). Andrew’s brother, CNN Host Chris Cuomo famously told viewers “not to get caught up in the intrigue of who Epstein’s friends are” (source: https://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2019/07/11/cnn_cuomo_lets_not_get_caught_up_in_the_intrigue_of_who_was_friends_with_jeffrey_epstein.html). Perhaps, he was covering for his brother. Kerry Kennedy is Cuomo’s ex-wife of fifteen years, the daughter of RFK, and a close friend of Ghislaine Maxwell. Supposedly, Kennedy provided Ghislaine with informal illegal advice (source: https://www.splicetoday.com/politics-and-media/the-nth-word-and-m-theory).
Kennedy Jr. Ted: Son of Ted Kennedy and nephew of JFK and RFK. Ted Jr. dabbled in politics and currently works as a lawyer. His father, Ted, was a notorious sexual abuser (allegedly).
Kennedy, Bobby & Mary: Bobby is the son of RFK and nephew of JFK. Bobby is a known drug abuser and philanderer. Bobby kept a sex journal detailing his conquests while he was married (source: https://nypost.com/2013/09/08/rfk-jr-s-sex-diary-of-adultery/). His ex-wife, Mary, committed “suicide” two years after their divorce. Before committing suicide, Mary told a friend that she “feared for her life” and Bobby told her that she “would be better off dead” (source: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3231043/How-serial-cheater-Bobby-Kennedy-Jr-strutted-family-home-exposing-private-parts-demanded-m-nage-trois-wife-Mary-went-public-Cheryl-Hines-telling-Mary-things-easier-killed-herself.html).
Kennedy, Ethel: Widow of RFK Sr. and mother of eleven, including Bobby Kennedy, Kerry Kennedy, and Joseph Kennedy II.
Kennedy, Jo: Joseph Kennedy II is the son of RFK Sr. and Ethel. Served in the House of Representatives from 1987-1999. In 1973, Joseph was convicted of negligent driving after paralyzing a young woman. He was fined $100.
Kennedy, Senator Edward: Brother of JFK and RFK, Ted Kennedy served as U.S. Senator of Massachusetts for 47 years. Besides politics, Ted is best known for the Chappaquiddick incident in which a young female speechwriter for RFK drowned to death when he lost control of his vehicle while driving across a bridge. He was charged with leaving the scene of an incident and given a two month suspended sentence. Ted was also notorious for his extramarital affairs. Senator Kennedy once hosted a party at his house attended by Bill Clinton and Lynn Forester de Rothschild. Rothschild wrote a letter to Clinton afterwards in which she mentions that they spoke about Epstein (source: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-7283825/Jeffrey-Epstein-injured-jail-cell-following-possible-suicide-assault.html). It is unclear what was said or what Rothschild’s connection could possibly be.
Kersner, Sol: South African accountant and hotel and casino magnate who died of cancer in 2020. Kerzner was a close friend of Donald Trump. They even worked together to create The Palm, a man-made island off the coast of Dubai (source: https://www.ft.com/content/46393280-d9f9-11da-b7de-0000779e2340). Kerzner was also close friends with Sarah Ferguson, Duchess of York (https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/sarah-ferguson-the-duchess-of-york-sol-kerzner-chairman-and-news-photo/83768272), Naomi Campbell (https://www.gettyimages.ca/detail/news-photo/naomi-campbell-and-sol-kerzner-pose-backstage-during-the-news-photo/82869744), and Bill Clinton (https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8144647/As-Sol-Kerzner-dies-aged-84-RICHARD-KAY-looks-riotously-louche-life.html). Kerzner was very good friends with Nelson Mandela and built his casino resorts with Gerard Inzerillo, who you can read about in my G-I ‘Black Book’ thread.
Khayat, Antoine, Jana, & George: Jana is an heiress and businesswoman. Jana is the niece of Galen Weston, a close friend of Prince Charles. George is her brother and CEO of Associated British Foods. Jana’s husband, Antoine, is a former banker and currently runs their vineyard.
Kidd, Jemma: Kidd is a British makeup artist, fashion model, and aristocrat. Married to Arthur Wellesley, Earl of Mornington, the son of the Duke and Duchess of Wellington, making her a Countess. Kidd is an interesting figure with elite connections. From 2005-2012, Ghislaine Maxwell served as Director of Jemma Kidd Make-Up Limited, a U.K. makeup company, which was founded by Kidd. Not only did Ghislaine serve as Director, but she was also a shareholder, along with the Rothschild family (source: https://nationalpost.com/news/world/in-hiding-for-years-epstein-accomplice-ghislaine-maxwell-spotted-in-l-a-burger-shop). If you click around the PDFs on this website (https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/05340072/filing-history), you can see everything. The 16 JUN 2006 PDF on page 3 shows you a list of Officers and shareholders of the company. Jemma Kidd has also attended charity events for the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC) (https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-beckham-nspcc-party-jemma-kidd-106882170.html). Her sister, Jodie, is also a huge supportefundraiser of the NSPCC, as well as the Help a London Child and Monsoon Accessorize Trust charities, both of which help out disadvantaged children (source: https://www.looktothestars.org/celebrity/jodie-kidd).
King, Abby: No info found.
Kirwin Taylor, Charlie & Helen: Charles is an investment banker. He was former CEO of Credit Suisse in Switzerland, an investment firm which shows up a few times through Epstein’s contacts. His wife, Helen, is a journalist.
Kirwin Taylor, Peter: British financier. Was a member of the Pilgrims Society (https://isgp-studies.com/pilgrims-society-membership-list), a group that has included the Rothschilds, Rockefellers, and other elites amongst its ranks.
Kissinger, Dr. Henry A: Former U.S. Secretary of State and National Security Advisor under Nixon. Kissinger has long been accused of committing war crimes (ex: carpet bombing Cambodia, installing fascist governments in Chile and Argentina, genocide, extending our stay in Vietnam, etc) yet somehow managed to win a Nobel Peace Prize in 1973. Kissinger once said, “Military men are dumb, stupid animals to be used as pawns for foreign policy.” Kissinger served with Epstein on the Trilateral Commission. Kissinger has also been a member of the Bilderberg Group, the Council on Foreign Relations, the Aspen Institute, and Bohemian Grove. Long thought to be an advocate for a globalist New World Order, Kissinger is a scumbag of the highest order. His connections with Gates, the Clintons, Bush Sr. and Jr., the Rockefellers, and the Rothschilds are well-documented. If anyone here has ever done any research regarding the NWO, you have undoubtedly seen Kissinger’s name several times.
Klee, Rupert & Charlotte de: Rupert is a Director with Oakridge Group, a property development and investment company. His wife, Charlotte, is the producer of the religious plays at Wintershall.
Klesch, Johnathan: Former Director of Klesch Trading, which specializes in industrial commodities. It has offices in Russia, Malta, Surrey, and in London, down the block from Buckingham Palace.
Koch, David: Co-founder of Koch Industries, a diversified manufacturing conglomerate. Koch Industries has stolen oil from Indian reservations, committed hundreds of polluting, labor, and workplace safety violations. When he ran on the Libertarian ticket as the vice presidential nominee in 1980, Koch aimed to abolish Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, welfare benefits, and minimum wage. Koch and Epstein were friends. Epstein even attended a party at Koch’s Southampton home (https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-7270735/Jeffrey-Epstein-Trumps-closest-advisers-Wilbur-Ross-Rudy-Giuliani-Steve-Mnunchin.html). Koch has also been photographed with Ghislaine Maxwell (https://www.reddit.com/KochWatch/comments/dcjth3/david_koch_ghislaine_maxwell_getty_images/). Thankfully, Koch died last year.
Kohl, Astrid: A businesswoman involved in pharmaceuticals. Married to Prince Alexander of Liechtenstein. Daughter-in-law of Prince Philipp of Liechtenstein. Niece of former German Chancellor, Helmut Kohl.
Kotic, Boby: CEO of Activision Blizzard, a video game holding company. Used to run several electronic companies. From 2003-2008, he was a director at Yahoo! In 2012, he became a non-executive director of Coca-Cola.
Kotze, Alex Von: British businessman involved in the tech industry.
Kravetz, Anna: Not much info found. Has a degree in finance from Wharton School and used to live on Park Avenue in NYC.
Krooth, Caryn: A successful real estate agent based out of Los Angeles
Kudrow, Alistar: No info found.
Lal, Dalamal: Director of Akron Corp. & Akron (Nig.) Ltd., a food and beverage import company based out of Nigeria.
Lalaunis, Demetra: Daughter of Ilias Lalaounis, a pioneer in Greek jewelry and a world renowned goldsmith.
Lambert, Christopher: Well-known actor.
Lambert, David: Former partner, managing director, and VP at Goldman Sachs.
Lambert, Edward: Lampert is a billionaire hedge fund manager and former CEO of Sears. Lampert graduated from Yale University in 1984 where he was a member of Skull and Bones. Rumored pedophile David Geffen gave Lampert $200 million to invest in 1992, when Lampert was just 29 years old. Lampert made Geffen $1 billion.
Lambos Duff & John: Karen “Duff” Duffy is an actress, model, and TV personality. She has had memorable roles as the love interest in “Blank Check” and as JP Shay in “Dumb and Dumber.” Duffy has battled with sarcoidosis, a deadly central nervous system disease, since the mid-’90s. She credits Harvey Weinstein with saving her life (https://nypost.com/2000/10/03/coping-with-class-this-model-patient-suffers-in-style/). John is a former banker with Morgan Stanley and current President of GCA-US, an investment banking company.
Lang, Caroline: An art expert and Chairman at Sotheby’s Switzerland.
Lange, Dieter: Former Partner at WilliamHare, an international law firm with offices in London, Berlin, the U.S., Beijing, and Brussels. Passed away in 2010.
Larsen Janet: The only one I can find is a Business Psychologist based out of London.
Laurie, Jonathan: Founder and CEO of Cheyne Capital Management, an alternate investment fund firm.
Lavlada, Laura D.B. de: Laura Diez Barroso is a Mexican businesswoman. She sold her stock in Televisa for $726 million in 1993. Since then, she has been the head of several other companies.
Lawford Christopher & Jean: Christopher was an actor and relative of the Kennedys. His uncles were JFK, RFK, and Ted Kennedy. Many of his relatives appear in Epstein’s ‘Black Book’. His first wife, Jeannie, was an ad-sales associate for New York Magazine.
Lawton Paul: Two British businessmen with the same name come up. Both have extensive resumes. Could be either one.
Lazar, Christopher & Marie: Christophe seems to be a realtor in Paris, but I am not completely sure.
Le Bon, Simon & Jasmine: Simon is the lead singer of Duran Duran. His wife, Yasmin, is/was a fashion model. Yasmin is represented by Models1 in London. Models1 also represents Epstein and Ghislaine’s friend, Naomi Campbell. Le Bon has been accused of sexual assault in the past (https://www.freep.com/story/news/2018/07/12/simon-le-bons-accuser-sex-assault-claim-speaks-out-awful/777106002/).
Le Fur, Jean-Yves: French businessman and magazine creator. He was once Princess Stephanie of Monaco’s ex-fiance. More notably, Le Fur was the one who discovered supermodel Karen Mulder (his girlfriend at the time) on the floor after she attempted suciide. Mulder blew the lid off the rampant rape and sexual abuse that she and her modeling colleagues had suffered at the hands of businessmen, royalty, celebrities, and government officials. She was even the protege of Epstein collaborator (allegedly), Jean Luc Brunel (https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/article238351108.html).
Le Marg Willie: No info found.
Lea, Piers: CEO of Learning Technologies Group, a workplace digital learning company.
Leeds, Jeffrey: Co-founder and Managing Partner of Leeds Equity. One of Leeds Equity’s partner companies is Endeavor Schools, which runs private preschools, primary schools, and secondary schools in Florida and 11 other states (https://www.leedsequity.com/news/articles/leeds-equity-partners-completes-investment-in-endeavor-schools). They are also partners with Fusion Educational Group (now Fusion Academy), which runs a chain of private secondary schools (https://www.leedsequity.com/news/articles/leeds-equity-partners-completes-investment-in-fusion-education-group). Former teacher Kris White, now the head of Fusion Academy in Palo Alto, allegedly told a student that he was in love with her and wrote her a note saying he was “obsessed” with her. (https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/07/12/teachers-named-in-presentation-high-sex-investigation-kept-working-as-bay-area-educators-for-years/). This story was just published on July 12, 2020. Hypothetically, if one wanted to procure underage children, it would certainly help if the head of the school was on board and possibly a pedophile himself. According to this former teacher at Fusion Academy, “many students struggle with learning differences, behavioral issues, and/or addictions” (https://www.glassdoor.com/Reviews/Employee-Review-Fusion-Academy-RVW21260629.htm). In other words, the downtrodden and vulnerable. Fusion Academy refers to itself as a non-traditional school that focuses on individual students. Seems like a great opportunity. Leeds was also good friends with Epstein (https://nymag.com/nymetro/news/people/n_7912/) and has close ties to Colin Powell and Rudy Giuliani (https://nypost.com/2016/09/14/colin-powell-wont-vote-for-her-because-of-bill-clinton/).
Lefcourt, Jerry: Famous lawyer who defended Epstein in 2007. That same year, Epstein donated $250,000 to the Washington-based Foundation for Criminal Justice, where Lefcourt was a board member.
Lester, Dominick: Founder and owner of MortgageFlex Systems, a mortgage lending company.
Levine, Phillip: Ex-Miami Beach mayor and close friend of Bill and Hillary Clinton. He claims that he doesn’t know how Epstein got his contact information… all 13 phone numbers, including those of his driver and housekeepers (https://www.miaminewtimes.com/news/ex-miami-beach-mayor-philip-levine-listed-13-times-in-jeffrey-epsteins-black-book-11242116)!
Liman, Doug: Popular Hollywood director and producer. He directed Swingers, The Bourne Identity, and a couple of Tom Cruise movies.
Lindeman-Barnet, Sloan & Roger: Sloan has been a New York Times bestseller and an on-air and print reporter for NBC, ABC, and Reuters. Sloan and Roger also sit on the board of the Spence School in New York City, a private K-12 all-girls school (https://www.spenceschool.org/2017---news-detail?pk=999120). Her husband, Roger, is the founder of beauty.com and Chairman and CEO of Shaklee, a highly successful nutrition company. Donald Trump, Melania Trump, and Ghislaine Maxwell all attended the publication party for Sloan’s book in 2008 (https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/ghislaine-maxwell-anton-katz-and-robin-katz-attend-sloan-news-photo/619921016 ; https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/donald-trump-melania-trump-sloan-barnett-and-roger-barnett-news-photo/619921180).Other guests included Steve Mnuchin, Epstein and Maxwell chum Carol Mack, and a bunch of others also featured in Epstein’s ‘Black Book’ (Colin Cowie, Anton and Robin Katz, and Vittorio Assaf).
Lindemann, Adam & Elizabeth: Adam is a billionaire investor and art gallery owner. Brother of Sloan (mentioned just above). Elizabeth is his ex-wife. She is often photographed with many other people mentioned in Epstein’s ‘Black Book.’
Lindemann, George(Sr.) & Freida: Now-deceased billionaire father of Sloan and Adam. George was the CEO and Chairman of Southern Union, a pipeline company and served as Vice President of the Metropolitan Opera Association of NYC. His wife, Frayda, is the President and CEO of the Metropolitan Opera.
Lindsay, Alex & Jaclyn: Alex is a war documentary maker who rents out his loft at the address Epstein has listed (https://www.independent.co.uk/property/house-and-home/property/spheres-of-influence-72014.html).
Lindsey, Ludovic: Racecar driver.
Lindsley, Blake: Actress who was in two movies directed by Doug Liman (also in Epstein’s book) - “Swingers” and “Getting In.”
Linley, David: Princess Margaret’s son, Queen Elizabeth II’s nephew, and first cousin of Prince Charles and Prince Andrew. Linley is a furniture maker and the 2nd Earl of Snowdon. He used to be the Chairman of Christie’s auction house in the UK.
Liogos, Babis: No info found, but one of the numbers traces back to Thylan Associates, a real estate and investment firm.
Lister, Paul: Likely the director of legal services and company secretary for Associated British Foods, or it could be a conservationist. Not sure which.
Livanos, Arriette: I believe this Arietta Livanos, wife of Greek shipping magnate, Stavros Livanos. Arietta passed away in 1986.
Lo Cascio, Robert: Founder and CEO of LivePerson, a tech company that develops conversational commerce. LoCascio was photographed with Ghislaine at an after party in 2012 (https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/ghislaine-maxwell-and-robert-locascio-attend-osklen-spring-news-photo/1169681572).
Loeb, Alex: Alexandra is the daughter of John Loeb, former U.S. Ambassador to Denmark under Reagan and former Delegate to the United Nations. John Loeb was also a special advisor to Nelson Rockefeller. Alexandra is also a descendant of the Lehman family (Lehman Brothers). Alexandra graduated from Spence Day School for Girls (mentioned earlier under Sloan and Roger Lindemann-Barnett).
Lonsdale, Richard: British investment banker.
Lorenzoti, Eva Vivre: Founder of luxury online retailer, Vivre.com and is a TV spokesperson/personality. Good friend of Ghislaine Maxwell. Maxwell and a couple of Rockefellers were guests at her house for a dinner party in 2010 (https://hauteliving.com/2010/11/doris-world-eva-lorenzottis-dinner-party/105102/).
Lorimer, John & Lottie: John works as a private investor and as a realtor. His wife, Lottie, is an interior designer.
Louthan Guy J: Prolific British film producer and former boyfriend of actress Liz Hurley (also in Epstein’s book).
Love, Courtney: Famous drug addict, musician, and actress who likely killed her husband, Kurt Cobain. Courtney famously claimed that Prince Andrew showed up to her house late one night in 2000 looking for sex. She has since retracted this claim. The entries under Love’s name all say ‘Dana’ next to them. This is Courtney’s ex-boyfriend, Dana Giacchetto. Giacchetto was considered to be the “stockbroker to the stars” and was friends with JFK Jr, Leonardo DiCaprio, Johnny Depp, and many others. He ripped his clients off of millions. Even more telling, Giacchetto was involved in a sex abuse case against X-Men director Bryan Singer (https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/news/leonardo-dicaprios-convicted-ex-money-manager-denies-bryan-050000120.html). He died in 2016 after he partied too hard and overdosed (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/dana-giacchetto-dead-stockbroker-stars-902383).
Lowell, Ivana: Guinness heiress who wrote about Harvey Weinstein’s sexual abuse while she worked at Miramax in her book back in 2010 (https://www.irishcentral.com/culture/entertainment/guinness-heiress-spoke-out-about-predator-harvey-weinstein-7-years-ago). She also dated Harvey’s younger brother, Bob.
Loyd Mark: No info found.
Lucas, Colin: The godfather of Boris Johnson, England’s current Prime Minister. Lucas is a British historian and university administrator. Served as Vice Chancellor of Oxford University from 1997-2004.
submitted by LearningIsListening to conspiracy [link] [comments]

A MURDERED BUNNY AND A FORGOTTEN SERIAL KILLER - 1975

Images HERE
The Iconic BBC CRIMEWATCH Episode
THE HORRORS OF 1975
One case which had received notoriety in the UK was the murder of Eve Stratford (aged just 21), which was remarkably linked to the murder of Lynne Weedon (aged just 16) after thirty years.
In 2004 the two killings were discovered to have been committed by the same perpetrator using DNA testing. And so, two murders across different parts of a sprawling London were established to have been a committed by a serial killer – who for forty years had been hiding in plain sight.
Eve’s murder occurred on the 18th March 1975 while Lynne’s was almost six months after on the 10th September 1975 both occurring in suburban London.
There was also potential links to a third murder of Lynda Farrow who was killed in her home in the January of that year with many similarities to the other two.
The three murders were all in the Greater London area of Leyton, Hounslow and Chigwell.
The double murders occurred in 1975 and it is chilling to think that the killer has been possibly been roaming free every since. The case was re-opened in 2007 but it is one of those that we really are not any closer to despite all of the years passed.
As of 2020 the case remains open.
THE BUNNY – LEYTON.
Eve Stratford had moved to Leyton with her boyfriend in 1972 having been raised by a German mother and English father in the Aldershot area of southern England.
At the time of her death Eve was working as a playboy bunny in the Playboy Club of Park Lane which had lead to the unfortunate dubbing of the murderer as the “Bunny Killer.” Eve was also a centrefold for Mayfair magazine – an adult magazine – the piece had been released just days before her murder.
Eve was found by her boyfriend at their flat in Leyton. Her throat had been cut multiple times and a nylon stocking was tied to one ankle while she was bound with a scarf. Lynne’s boyfriend at the time was Tony Priest – the lead singer of pop band Onyx (not to be confused with a 1990s Hip Hop Act).
There is potential that Eve knew her killer. Neighbours were said to have heard muted conversation, followed by a bang with no discernible ruckus and no damage to suggest forced entry.
There was semen found on Eve’s clothes and a bouquet of bloody flowers was next to her body when she was discovered. I have to say that the police did describe the rape as “likely” with police at the time being unable to rule out consensual sex. While this may seem pragmatic on behalf of the detectives. I feel it casts aspersions on the victim.
This had all occurred around early evening between 4pm and 5pm on March 18th 1975.
One interesting theory was that the killer was a stalker that knew Eve’s whereabouts and when she would be home alone (bear in mind she lived with three men). They could very possibly have disguised themselves as a flower delivery man (explaining the blood-soaked fresh bouquet).
This theory was posted on many forums online and should only be considered that a theory.
THE TEENAGER – HOUNSLOW.
Lynne’s murder seemed a bit more at random but no less disgusting.
A lot younger and less famous than Eve – Lynne was just a school girl who was killed on her way home after 11pm in September of that year; after an evening out with friends Lynne was walking alone.
It is believed by detectives that she was followed on foot from the Great Western Road through an alleyway called The Short Hedges where she was bludgeoned and thrown into the grounds of an electrical substation (a common eyesore in urban England).
Lynne actually died a week later in hospital from her injuries which included blunt force trauma.
It wasn’t until the 21st Century that the two were eventually linked together as being committed by the same person which means that for over 40 years there has been a London Serial Killer that had fallen completely below the radar with two definite victims to his claim and more potentially linked.
While the British media may revel in glorifying these legendary gruesome figures of the night such as Jack the Ripper and Jack the Stripper ; we shouldn’t glamorise anybody capable of such foul intent by creating legends of elusive serial killers and we should focus on the real tragedy which was the innocent women’s lives being cut short in their prime just to serve the pathetic needs of a sadistic psychopath.
For better or for worse, this one flew completely under the radar of British media and their hysteria.
Detective Chief Inspector Andy Mortimer, from the Homicide and Serious Crime Command quoted in 2007 said: "Advances in forensic science mean that we are able to re-look at certain older cases with the very real possibility that some progress can be made that would not have been possible previously.
"As a result we now have a DNA link between the murders of Eve and Lynne, who was just 16 at the time of her death. We believe the killer could have confided in someone over the years about what happened or might even have bragged about the murders.
"They have kept a dark secret for the last 30 years and I'm sure they would have felt the need to share this burden with someone. We appeal to anyone who feels that they might have some information, however seemingly unimportant, to come forward."
Both murders featured on the iconic BBC show Crimewatch in 2007 when the Cold Case was re-opened.
It is extremely likely that the killer knew Eve and this was a strong hunch by detectives however with Lynne it may have been a moment born out of savage opportunism. However; despite new appeals opening up seemingly every decade there is nothing to note that stands out as having been revealed between the DNA discovery and present-day.
POTENTIAL THIRD – LYNDA FARROW
Lynda Farrow (a casino croupier) was pregnant at the time of her death. She was seemingly stabbed, with her head completely severed using a freezer knife. However; one thing that may rule out a connection to the other two is that the murder was not seemingly sexual.
A man was seen running from the area at the time that was in their late 30s, 5’9 wearing a donkey jacket and wellingtons. This occurred on Whitehall Road in Chingford and a Ford Cortina was seen departing Whitehall Road around the time of the murder.
From the description above I think we could rule out Lynda as being connected to the first two with people even suggesting the Yorkshire Ripper Peter Sutcliffe was linked to this crime (Yorkshire however is quite far from Chingford).
The Met Police offered a £20,000.00 reward in connection to solving this case back in 2009.
2020 VISION
These cases do not age well. The leads seem almost non-existent at present and despite the appearance of DNA, and as people begin to die or simply forget, closure on such cases seem nearly impossible. There is a strong reality that the killer himself is dead.
Two linked murders and a serial killer seemingly loose on 1975 London and it regrettably took forty years to even connect the killings and shed light on the fact that a serial killer had been walking the streets of London and getting away with it for such a long time.
While Britain has a lurid and disturbing history of crime and we have some of the most infamous serial killers on record; here was one operating in such a savage and predatory nature and nobody even knew that he existed.
However; in a world of increasing technological advancement and avid interests in True Crime – a day of reckoning may come for Eve, Lynne and Lynda.
BBC ARTICLE
DAILY MAIL
BLOG SPECULATION


submitted by mysteryconfidential to UnresolvedMysteries [link] [comments]

The Bunny Killer of 1975 - Eve Stratford and Lynne Weedon

THE HORRORS OF 1975
CRIMEWATCH EPISODE
IMAGES
One case which had received notoriety in the UK was the murder of Eve Stratford (aged just 21), which was remarkably linked to the murder of Lynne Weedon (aged just 16) after thirty years.
In 2004 the two killings were discovered to have been committed by the same perpetrator using DNA testing. And so, two murders across different parts of a sprawling London were established to have been a committed by a serial killer – who for forty years had been hiding in plain sight.
Eve’s murder occurred on the 18th March 1975 while Lynne’s was almost six months after on the 10th September 1975 both occurring in suburban London.
There was also potential links to a third murder of Lynda Farrow who was killed in her home in the January of that year with many similarities to the other two.
The three murders were all in the Greater London area of Leyton, Hounslow and Chigwell.
The double murders occurred in 1975 and it is chilling to think that the killer has been possibly been roaming free every since. The case was re-opened in 2007 but it is one of those that we really are not any closer to despite all of the years passed.
As of 2020 the case remains open.
THE BUNNY – LEYTON.
Eve Stratford had moved to Leyton with her boyfriend in 1972 having been raised by a German mother and English father in the Aldershot area of southern England.
At the time of her death Eve was working as a playboy bunny in the Playboy Club of Park Lane which had lead to the unfortunate dubbing of the murderer as the “Bunny Killer.” Eve was also a centrefold for Mayfair magazine – an adult magazine – the piece had been released just days before her murder.
Eve was found by her boyfriend at their flat in Leyton. Her throat had been cut multiple times and a nylon stocking was tied to one ankle while she was bound with a scarf. Lynne’s boyfriend at the time was Tony Priest – the lead singer of pop band Onyx (not to be confused with a 1990s Hip Hop Act).
There is potential that Eve knew her killer. Neighbours were said to have heard muted conversation, followed by a bang with no discernible ruckus and no damage to suggest forced entry.
There was semen found on Eve’s clothes and a bouquet of bloody flowers was next to her body when she was discovered. I have to say that the police did describe the rape as “likely” with police at the time being unable to rule out consensual sex. While this may seem pragmatic on behalf of the detectives. I feel it casts aspersions on the victim.
This had all occurred around early evening between 4pm and 5pm on March 18th 1975.
One interesting theory was that the killer was a stalker that knew Eve’s whereabouts and when she would be home alone (bear in mind she lived with three men). They could very possibly have disguised themselves as a flower delivery man (explaining the blood-soaked fresh bouquet).
This theory was posted on many forums online and should only be considered that - a theory.
THE TEENAGER – HOUNSLOW.
Lynne’s murder seemed a bit more at random but no less disgusting.
A lot younger and less famous than Eve – Lynne was just a school girl who was killed on her way home after 11pm in September of that year; after an evening out with friends Lynne was walking alone.
It is believed by detectives that she was followed on foot from the Great Western Road through an alleyway called The Short Hedges where she was bludgeoned and thrown into the grounds of an electrical substation (a common eyesore in urban England).
Lynne actually died a week later in hospital from her injuries which included blunt force trauma.
It wasn’t until the 21st Century that the two were eventually linked together as being committed by the same person which means that for over 40 years there has been a London Serial Killer that had fallen completely below the radar with two definite victims to his claim and more potentially linked.
While the British media may revel in glorifying these legendary gruesome figures of the night such as Jack the Ripper and Jack the Stripper ; we shouldn’t glamorise anybody capable of such foul intent by creating legends of elusive serial killers and we should focus on the real tragedy which was the innocent women’s lives being cut short in their prime just to serve the pathetic needs of a sadistic psychopath.
For better or for worse, this one flew completely under the radar of British media and their hysteria.
Detective Chief Inspector Andy Mortimer, from the Homicide and Serious Crime Command quoted in 2007 said: "Advances in forensic science mean that we are able to re-look at certain older cases with the very real possibility that some progress can be made that would not have been possible previously.
"As a result we now have a DNA link between the murders of Eve and Lynne, who was just 16 at the time of her death. We believe the killer could have confided in someone over the years about what happened or might even have bragged about the murders.
"They have kept a dark secret for the last 30 years and I'm sure they would have felt the need to share this burden with someone. We appeal to anyone who feels that they might have some information, however seemingly unimportant, to come forward."
Both murders featured on the iconic BBC show Crimewatch in 2007 when the Cold Case was re-opened.
It is extremely likely that the killer knew Eve and this was a strong hunch by detectives however with Lynne it may have been a moment born out of savage opportunism. However; despite new appeals opening up seemingly every decade there is nothing to note that stands out as having been revealed between the DNA discovery and present-day.
POTENTIAL THIRD – LYNDA FARROW
Lynda Farrow (a casino croupier) was pregnant at the time of her death. She was seemingly stabbed, with her head completely severed using a freezer knife. However; one thing that may rule out a connection to the other two is that the murder was not seemingly sexual.
A man was seen running from the area at the time that was in their late 20s, 5’9 wearing a donkey jacket and wellingtons. This occurred on Whitehall Road in Chingford and a Ford Cortina was seen departing Whitehall Road around the time of the murder.
From the description above I think we could rule out Lynda as being connected to the first two with people even suggesting the Yorkshire Ripper Peter Sutcliffe was linked to this crime (Yorkshire however is quite far from Chingford).
The Met Police offered a £20,000.00 reward in connection to solving this case back in 2009.
2020 VISION
These cases do not age well. The leads seem almost non-existent at present and despite the appearance of DNA, and as people begin to die or simply forget, closure on such cases seem nearly impossible. There is a strong reality that the killer himself is dead.
Two linked murders and a serial killer seemingly loose on 1975 London and it regrettably took forty years to even connect the killings and shed light on the fact that a serial killer had been walking the streets of London and getting away with it for such a long time.
While Britain has a lurid and disturbing history of crime and we have some of the most infamous serial killers on record; here was one operating in such a savage and predatory nature and nobody even knew that he existed.
However; in a world of increasing technological advancement and avid interests in True Crime – a day of reckoning may come for Eve, Lynne and Lynda.
BBC ARTICLE
DAILY MAIL
BLOG SPECULATION
submitted by mysteryconfidential to ColdCaseUK [link] [comments]

The Bunny Killer of 1975 - Eve Stratford and Lynne Weedon

Images HERE
THE HORRORS OF 1975
One case which had received notoriety in the UK was the murder of Eve Stratford (aged just 21), which was remarkably linked to the murder of Lynne Weedon (aged just 16) after thirty years.
In 2004 the two killings were discovered to have been committed by the same perpetrator using DNA testing. And so, two murders across different parts of a sprawling London were established to have been a committed by a serial killer – who for forty years had been hiding in plain sight.
Eve’s murder occurred on the 18th March 1975 while Lynne’s was almost six months after on the 10th September 1975 both occurring in suburban London.
There was also potential links to a third murder of Lynda Farrow who was killed in her home in the January of that year with many similarities to the other two.
The three murders were all in the Greater London area of Leyton, Hounslow and Chigwell.
The double murders occurred in 1975 and it is chilling to think that the killer has been possibly been roaming free every since. The case was re-opened in 2007 but it is one of those that we really are not any closer to despite all of the years passed.
As of 2020 the case remains open.
THE BUNNY – LEYTON.
Eve Stratford had moved to Leyton with her boyfriend in 1972 having been raised by a German mother and English father in the Aldershot area of southern England.
At the time of her death Eve was working as a playboy bunny in the Playboy Club of Park Lane which had lead to the unfortunate dubbing of the murderer as the “Bunny Killer.” Eve was also a centrefold for Mayfair magazine – an adult magazine – the piece had been released just days before her murder.
Eve was found by her boyfriend at their flat in Leyton. Her throat had been cut multiple times and a nylon stocking was tied to one ankle while she was bound with a scarf. Lynne’s boyfriend at the time was Tony Priest – the lead singer of pop band Onyx (not to be confused with a 1990s Hip Hop Act).
There is potential that Eve knew her killer. Neighbours were said to have heard muted conversation, followed by a bang with no discernible ruckus and no damage to suggest forced entry.
There was semen found on Eve’s clothes and a bouquet of bloody flowers was next to her body when she was discovered. I have to say that the police did describe the rape as “likely” with police at the time being unable to rule out consensual sex. While this may seem pragmatic on behalf of the detectives. I feel it casts aspersions on the victim.
This had all occurred around early evening between 4pm and 5pm on March 18th 1975.
One interesting theory was that the killer was a stalker that knew Eve’s whereabouts and when she would be home alone (bear in mind she lived with three men). They could very possibly have disguised themselves as a flower delivery man (explaining the blood-soaked fresh bouquet).
This theory was posted on many forums online and should only be considered that - a theory.
THE TEENAGER – HOUNSLOW.
Lynne’s murder seemed a bit more at random but no less disgusting.
A lot younger and less famous than Eve – Lynne was just a school girl who was killed on her way home after 11pm in September of that year; after an evening out with friends Lynne was walking alone.
It is believed by detectives that she was followed on foot from the Great Western Road through an alleyway called The Short Hedges where she was bludgeoned and thrown into the grounds of an electrical substation (a common eyesore in urban England).
Lynne actually died a week later in hospital from her injuries which included blunt force trauma.
It wasn’t until the 21st Century that the two were eventually linked together as being committed by the same person which means that for over 40 years there has been a London Serial Killer that had fallen completely below the radar with two definite victims to his claim and more potentially linked.
While the British media may revel in glorifying these legendary gruesome figures of the night such as Jack the Ripper and Jack the Stripper ; we shouldn’t glamorise anybody capable of such foul intent by creating legends of elusive serial killers and we should focus on the real tragedy which was the innocent women’s lives being cut short in their prime just to serve the pathetic needs of a sadistic psychopath.
For better or for worse, this one flew completely under the radar of British media and their hysteria.
Detective Chief Inspector Andy Mortimer, from the Homicide and Serious Crime Command quoted in 2007 said: "Advances in forensic science mean that we are able to re-look at certain older cases with the very real possibility that some progress can be made that would not have been possible previously.
"As a result we now have a DNA link between the murders of Eve and Lynne, who was just 16 at the time of her death. We believe the killer could have confided in someone over the years about what happened or might even have bragged about the murders.
"They have kept a dark secret for the last 30 years and I'm sure they would have felt the need to share this burden with someone. We appeal to anyone who feels that they might have some information, however seemingly unimportant, to come forward."
Both murders featured on the iconic BBC show Crimewatch in 2007 when the Cold Case was re-opened.
It is extremely likely that the killer knew Eve and this was a strong hunch by detectives however with Lynne it may have been a moment born out of savage opportunism. However; despite new appeals opening up seemingly every decade there is nothing to note that stands out as having been revealed between the DNA discovery and present-day.
POTENTIAL THIRD – LYNDA FARROW
Lynda Farrow (a casino croupier) was pregnant at the time of her death. She was seemingly stabbed, with her head completely severed using a freezer knife. However; one thing that may rule out a connection to the other two is that the murder was not seemingly sexual.
A man was seen running from the area at the time that was in their late 20s, 5’9 wearing a donkey jacket and wellingtons. This occurred on Whitehall Road in Chingford and a Ford Cortina was seen departing Whitehall Road around the time of the murder.
From the description above I think we could rule out Lynda as being connected to the first two with people even suggesting the Yorkshire Ripper Peter Sutcliffe was linked to this crime (Yorkshire however is quite far from Chingford).
The Met Police offered a £20,000.00 reward in connection to solving this case back in 2009.
2020 VISION
These cases do not age well. The leads seem almost non-existent at present and despite the appearance of DNA, and as people begin to die or simply forget, closure on such cases seem nearly impossible. There is a strong reality that the killer himself is dead.
Two linked murders and a serial killer seemingly loose on 1975 London and it regrettably took forty years to even connect the killings and shed light on the fact that a serial killer had been walking the streets of London and getting away with it for such a long time.
While Britain has a lurid and disturbing history of crime and we have some of the most infamous serial killers on record; here was one operating in such a savage and predatory nature and nobody even knew that he existed.
However; in a world of increasing technological advancement and avid interests in True Crime – a day of reckoning may come for Eve, Lynne and Lynda.
BBC ARTICLE
DAILY MAIL
BLOG SPECULATION
submitted by mysteryconfidential to TrueCrime [link] [comments]

short book reviews 2020, covid-Overdrive edition (in chronological order of publication)

  1. expired serfs: a buyer's guide. why not finish, dude? 3.9/5 ivans
  2. Oy. The big one. (Put down The Sorcerer's Stone and get it over with, already) Big Papa makes a lot of sense, but cousin texts of his contemporaries left a stronger initial impression, tbh. I'm still hung up on the whole morality angle--when do I level up to immortal scientist? 4/5 alienated proles
  3. Me stealing vibes from this book to duck social gatherings: “I’m afraid I shan't attend, for I have had the misfortune of gazing upon Lady Hampshire’s latest grotesque choice of head-wear for not a few hours, and I fear I am put out for several nights over the affair and must gather my resolve alone in chambers. Don’t call for me until you’ve heard that I’ve recovered; I really am in a bad way." OK I love this shit, check it out...beginning of the book: "Two green and white butterflies fluttered past them, and in the pear tree at the end of the garden a thrush began to sing." Near the end of the book: "A bitter blast swept across the Square. The gas-lamps flickered, and became blue, and the leafless trees shook their black iron branches as if in pain." Just to drive home that some serious shit has gone down. I dig every syllable! 5/5 magical paintings of doom
  4. individualism vs communism is a false dichotomy, from the man who brought you the magical painting of doom. 3.9/5 magical paintings of doom
  5. "just get rid of, like, cops and governors and shit. it'll be fine, people are cool" lol sure bro 4/5 breads
  6. curious how much scrutiny a bernstein bares? dive into this accessible, articulate prose 4/5 spanked opportunists
  7. ain't no party like a vanguard party kuz a vanguard party don't stop 3.9/5 things to be done
  8. "...the Tarot is a pack of cards used in the south of Europe for games and fortune-telling, first known in Europe at the end of the 14th century when in use among the Spanish gypsies. Note from the editor: It is highly unlikely that gypsies in Spain used Tarot cards in the 14th century. This pack of cards represents the Egyptian hieroglyphic book of seventy-eight tablets, which came to us almost miraculously. Note from the editor: The fanciful notion that the Tarot is Egyptian comes from the speculations of a handful of 18th century French occultists even though it is without basis. The Tarot falls into three divisions: the first part has twenty-one numbered cards; the second part has one card 0; the third part has fifty-six cards. Note from the editor: It is more usual to divide the Tarot into two parts, the 56 suit cards and the 22 trumps. H. P. Blavatsky mentions the Tarot in her works, and we have some reason for believing that she studied the Tarot. It is known that she loved to 'play patience.' Note from the editor: Blavatsky writes very little concerning the Tarot. The game of patience or solitaire is played with an ordinary deck of 52 cards and has nothing to do with the Tarot. In order to become acquainted with the Tarot, it is necessary to understand the basic ideas of the Kabbalah and Alchemy. But when the true alchemist spoke of seeking for gold, he spoke of gold in the soul of man. And he called gold that which in the New Testament is called the Kingdom of Heaven, and in Buddhism, Nirvana. Note from the editor: Many intelligent, serious alchemists of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance devoted all their time to the manufacture of gold from base metals. Also, the kingdom of heaven and nirvana are hardly synonymous -- the first is a condition attained only after death, the second a state of mind attainable during life." lol wtf am I reading? 1.5/5 pentacles
  9. economists, opportunists, and naive babies, oh my 4/5 DoP's
  10. economists, opportunists, and naive babies II 3.5/5 electric boogaloos
  11. War: “What in blazes is going on?”, a Memoir. Great sport, old chap, and maaaad street cred btw. 5/5 undetonated mortars
  12. Now I don't go around preachin' the gospel any more since I lost my faith, but if you would all please open your Bibles to Revelation 14:19 and read along for several passages, it might occur to you that our lord Jehovah plays a little rough with folk from time to time. But don't he shine through the damp planks of shanty towns and whispered oaths of wayward fugitives; in the worried secrets of exchanged intimate glances and in the common kindnesses and shared troubles of..... 4.2/5 bruised peaches. Most depressing book ever?
  13. ain't no party like a flophouse party kuz a flophouse party got mystery hooch and frogs, bitches 4.3/5 frog credits, redeemable for beer and fireworks
  14. "We were all mad kings raging and wailing our intrepid fury into the midnight haze" Dude relax, you're just smoking cigarettes in a diner parking lot. 2/5 blazing unknown horizons and burnt out huckster husks on the screaming edge of Westward oblivion with silence only broken by the roaring of bestial engines, the gospel of pickled prophets, and the desperate anecdotes of wailing midnight martyrs who fly their flags of conquest and defeat in the dark alleys of truckstop kingdoms and the foreboding cascade of overpass shadows that swallow hope and shit poets and drifters who fill the flatbeds of friendly monsters and carry with them that secret language of the streets, an oral tradition that rides currents of promise and pain and burns itself into the
  15. you're not fooling anyone, Bob--you obviously just somehow got hold of a space marine's diary from the future and typed it out word-for-word. We call that “pulling a Biff” 3.3/5 space marine diaries
  16. lunar politics: that's no Moon, that's a space trebuchet! colonies down gravity wells shouldn't throw stones. 2.9/5 space trebuchets
  17. "It's about rabbits." "Oh" "--but it's good." Thanks for the recommendation, Ma. Lovable animal tales can and should break the disney mold. I will revisit this book for another dose of the sporadic mythic mini-tales. Wish I was shown this book when I was younger! It would have gotten me away from the computer games for a few days. 4/5 hrududil
  18. Journey to the Center of the Space Phallus. Imaginative! 3.33/5 cylindrical seas
  19. An unusually visceral episode of The Wonder Years with more wife-beating and jet crashes 2/5 sports fans
  20. Rabbits guy goes to the dogs. Very enjoyable stylized dialogue, and again with the lovable animals. 3.7/5 lonely canister monkeys
  21. Farting, fapping, bears on unicycles, dick biting, adultery, assassins, transfolk, fighter planes, drag disguises, car crashes, feminism, mute cults, badass old cops chasing serial rapists in helicopters, human connection, comical nudity, fictional literature, writing about writing...a book after my own heart. 6/5 severed tongues
  22. the excruciating history of scumbag America squandering the only resource that matters, every chance it gets, in every way imaginable. BRB, moving 2000 miles east. 4.5/5 dry arroyos
  23. In a world. Where aliens play Risk to pick who's president. One man. Plays Risk with some aliens on a permanent forest-fire planet. And they be all like, damn, playa. James Bond's casino games seem like children playing at Chutes and Ladders compared to this. 4/5 ganja glands
  24. Ayahuasca Journey to the Center of the Space Phallus. I'm asking sincerely: can we establish a formal council of extraterrestrial contact, before the fact, that weeds out the douchebags? GADFADFART: Good Astronauts For A Douchebag-Free Alien Rendevous Team 3.6/5 sentient pterodactyls
  25. my favorite short story from here: the one about the guy who keeps finding mysterious notes with clandestine instructions hidden inside most of his food. China Miéville is kinda great! 3.9/5 translucent foodstuffs
  26. misleading title--use of only one weapon. 2.5/5 "Skaffen-Amtiskaws"
  27. Virus Lives Matter: is Space AIDS a terraforming project? Shouldn't we at least ask it? 3.8/5 philotes
  28. "I've pieced together your demonic plans, diabolical minions of Satan--" "This is a book club dumbass. Help yourself to the cheese plate." I'm not even mad 3.5/5 satans
  29. my favorite part is when he's in the virtual city filled with NPC bot people going about their business and he climbs onto the back of an old woman to ride her into town as she shuffles along her scripted path completely unhindered and unaware. ♪ ♫ Old Lady Taxi / Surely make you lose your mind / Old Lady Taxi / Everything all the time ♪ ♫ ♬ 3.2/5 Old Lady Taxis
  30. this decadent, meandering wet dream brought to you by Cutty Sark. 2/5 feelings I couldn't quite put my finger on
  31. author tackles the timeless human archetypes of Giants games and waste management. Exceptionally snappy American dialogue! 3.4/5 trash nukes
  32. Serial media pirate is contacted by AI comprised of experimentally digitized lobster consciousnesses living on a KGB server who request his help in defecting from the country. He helps out the digital KGB lobsters and gets them a job on a space station. With a penchant for esoteric legalese and software that generates shell companies on the reg, he conspires to get his kid away from his ex wife by setting up a company in Yemen, leveraging a bizarre synergy between Shari'a and a lax policy loophole regarding chattel slavery so as to legally designate her simultaneously as the property of the company and also technically the controlling investor of that company. "Yemen is one of the few countries to implement traditional Sunni shari'a law and a limited liability company scam at the same time. Owning slaves is legal – the fiction is that the owner has an option hedged on the indentured laborer's future output, with interest payments that grow faster than the unfortunate victim can pay them off – and companies are legal entities. If Amber sells herself into slavery to this company, she will become a slave and the company will be legally liable for her actions and upkeep. The rest of the legal instrument – about ninety percent of it, in fact – is a set of self-modifying corporate mechanisms coded in a variety of jurisdictions that permit Turing-complete company constitutions, and which act as an ownership shell for the slavery contract. At the far end of the corporate shell game is a trust fund of which Amber is the prime beneficiary and shareholder." Yada yada yada, the queen of the solar system propels on a giant laser beam this thumb drive spaceship containing the digitized consciousnesses of herself and several others in order to meet up with the source of a deep space signal transmission a parsec away, and when they make first contact the aliens don the appearance of lobster-people having mistaken the digitized KGB lobster transmission they first encountered as the primary form of Earthling intelligence they assumed they would encounter. Why do you look like lobsters? they ask, confused. Why don't you look like lobsters? they reply, equally confused. At this point I'm laughing out loud and remembering how much fun I had reading Hitchhiker's Guide. 3.8/5 computronium singularities
  33. "so like this girl I was into, like, got sick or something because her facebook implant glitched and I was all like whoa mine just gives me lesions and hairloss and she was like I'm all scared, dadada, feelings and stuff, and I'm like man you're getting me all sad or something, so I haven't heard from her for a while but when my mood got low I got these sweet khakis recommended to me and clicked to order them in every color. I was trying to get my mind off junk just eBumping on my iJammer with my broskis when her dad like shows up all angry like 'neurological', 'terminal', 'asinine', and I donno 'molecular equations jurisdictional electromegnetism' or some dadada, so I'm like, 'Look man, you talk like a fag, and your shit's all retarded, but tell her to hit me up when she's like not all squanched out in the ICU or whatever'" 3.7/5 units
  34. 93 come for the hocus pocus, stay for the entire written history of mountaineering, replete with cafe receipts and casualty counts 4.5/5 93/93's
  35. Is it kosher for a neurotypical author to do 1st-person fiction from the point of view of an autist? Tell me so I know whether to enjoy this or not ???/5 dead wellingtons
  36. Afghan Buttrapes of Wrath. OK, the Dust Bowl was depressing, Johnny Grapes, I'll give you that. But you may have met your match with this little number out of Kabul. Man, this has been a dark summer. 3.7/5 well-placed slingshots
  37. Flight attendant wouldn't let me finish reading it on the plane because of carry-on size restrictions. After finally finishing, I was found dead in the dark parking lot of a maquiladora, according to witnesses, anus and vagina obliterated beyond recognition several thousand times over. 3.5/5 bubis?? not sure, my brain is soup
  38. yeeeeeesh. from the big armpit to the big apple. *squinting*...Not sure if heartwarming memoir of poverty and flagrant negligence, or low key piece of Chicago School propaganda ???/5 alcoholic dads
  39. a fascist java applet blackmails fortune 500 companies and starts a cult on World of Warcraft. 3/5 RC Humvee roadkills
  40. lol "The 33 Strategies of Peace" sounded boring, so here I am. 3.9/5 napoleons
  41. Depressing burka adventures. Cathy Ames has nothing on this schmuck...eat shovel, dickhead 3.9/5 shovels
  42. my Dad likes to tell stories about the bands he got to see live in the 70's. He often brings up seeing KISS and recalls with boyish wonder the stage effects and pyrotechnics, including a guitar that begins to smoke in the middle of an Ace Frehley solo and then levitates 30 feet in the air and explodes. Look Me in the Eye: My Life with Asperger's is an autobiography by the guy who happened to engineer those pyrotechnics, though that's just a small section of the book. 3.3/5 magnesium garage fires
  43. "Some people stockpile canned goods and water in preparation for major disasters; sociopaths stockpile free-market ideas." 4.8/5 dead Allendes
  44. who would win? The Department of Homeland Security... or one techie boi? 3.9/5 suspensions of habeas corpus
  45. "We've been rehearsing a classic from antiquity, Green Eggs and Hamlet, the story of a young prince of Denmark who goes mad, drowns his girlfriend, and in his remorse, forces spoiled breakfast on all whom he meets." Fuckstockings, how could I not like this book? 4/5 Fuckstockings
  46. more like Naked Propaganda, amiright? Insult to injury: no actual nudity. Insufferable! 0/5 naftas
  47. Magical Batman, directed by Michael Bay. "Pretty cool, huh?" The high-fructose corn syrup of literature. 2.3/5 pretty cool huhs
  48. whimsical as fuck. like some modern welsh chapter of Devi Mahatmya with pratchett vibes. 3.5/5 literal stitches in time
  49. "I guess sometimes you never know what kinds of skeletons people might be struggling with." ... "I know what you mean. Like, when you steal a 17th century Dutch oil painting during a terrorist attack and hide it under your bed, and that shit just eats at you day and night." ... "What?"..."What?" 4/5 Hal "Hobie" Holbrooks
  50. A.I. love, inter-species nookie, quantum symbiote mind virus, reasonable space pirates, plucky ship mechanic Kenzi Malikov Frye on acid...this title had me rushing back for the next installment. I thought science fiction was supposed to be dry and joyless? 5/5 lizard orgies
  51. when make big people project, make more people talky. more talky, more better project, like war or spy 2.5/5 interdepartmental liaisons
  52. A.I. raising children in a manner that is not dystopian? Kind future people offering a job and a place to stay to an A.I. who's down on her luck. She chooses her first tattoo. Adorable. We better get started on a Bill of Rights for these people, pronto. 3.9/5 feral junkyard children
  53. We have several nouns for movement through geographical space. 1) "Voyage" derives from the Old French voiage and comes into English from the Latin viaticum, "provisions for a journey", and viaticum contains via, "road." So "voyage" is saturated in the material: what you bring along when you move through space and what you tread upon as you do so. 2) "Journey," is rooted in the temporal, derived from the Old French jornée, its ancestry the Latin diurnum, "the portion for a day," with the root dies, "day." It is not hard to imagine how "the portion for the day" became the word for "trip": long ago, when a journey might take months and even years, it was more comfortable to speak not of the "voyage," what you needed to survive your trip, but of a single day's progress. When the word was newborn, just one day's worth of movement was a significant enough activity, an arduous enough enterprise, to warrant a name of it's own. This talk of arduousness brings me to 3) "travel", a first cousin of "travail," which Merriam-Webster defines as "painful or laborious effort" and has as a medieval Latin root relation to trepalium, "instrument of torture." So "travel" suggests the emotional dimension of traveling: not its artifacts or its duration, but how it feels, for in the days when these words took their shape and meaning, travel was above all difficult, painful, arduous, and strenuously avoided by most. The one English word that combines all these--the distance, the time, and the emotion--is "odyssey," from the classical Greek odysseia: the name of an epic poem about the hero Odysseus. The origin of his name involves the word odynê which you might recognize in the word "anodyne", a compound when pulled apart shows its meaning: an- "without" and -odynê "pain." So Odysseus, the hero of this vast epic of voyaging, journeying, and travel is, literally, "the man of pain." Mucho learnings! 4/5 blind cyclopses
  54. Friedmanites Can't Find the Clitoris 5/5 climaxing comrades
submitted by AnimusHerb240 to LibraryofBabel [link] [comments]

Boston 10 Day Trip Report: A Total Immersion Travel Experience in New England's Flagship City

I went to Boston for the first time in a few years and got the chance to visit family and friends. I spent 10 days in the area and got the chance to immerse myself in the city.
Weekend 1 Pics: https://www.flickr.com/gp/158149703@N04/5n5HDu
Monday Pics: https://www.flickr.com/gp/158149703@N04/yzKR35
Tuesday Pics: https://www.flickr.com/gp/158149703@N04/44E7x2
Wednesday Pics: https://www.flickr.com/gp/158149703@N04/2rwX3x
Thursday Pics: https://www.flickr.com/gp/158149703@N04/Lq59F0
Friday Pics: https://www.flickr.com/gp/158149703@N04/5BR296
Weekend 2 Pics: https://www.flickr.com/gp/158149703@N04/99Zx6i

Boston is a coastal flagship city which is one of the oldest cities in the country. The history carries on to this day and as the 10th largest metropolitan area in the country it leads the nation (and world) in education, healthcare, public transportation, and athletics. There is a distinct culture around the city, a substantial depth of fine arts and a defining resilience that makes Boston unique. While the area is very populated it does feel extremely close knit, there is no wonder why it is called ‘The Town.’
When I visit places I like to do what I call a ‘total immersion,’ where I become a local as best as possible and see and do things from all walks of life. I experienced delays on the T, crazy drivers on the Mass Pike, experienced the opening of the Ballet and felt the energy of an evening game at Fenway. I climbed up many hills from Savin Hill, Bunker Hill, Telegraph Hill, Prospect Hill, Corey Hill and many others. I went to farmers markets, grocery stores and local neighborhood eats. I visited libraries, parks and countless universities. I took a variety of transit trips on foot, bike, bus, ferry and rail. I took in the skyline from all angles near and far, from the seaport to South Boston and beyond to the Noanet Woodlands. I did my best to get a clear picture of all facets of life in Beantown.
In the 3 days I had a BlueBike I rode 92 miles utilizing 36 stations. I rode on all 5 major T lines: Blue, Green (B,C,D,E) Orange, Red (Ashmont, Braintree), Silver (SL4) and utilized 30 stations.
I visited 41 different parks, from small urban gardens to large forests with lush views.
Boston is a city that feels extremely vibrant and academic but at the same time it can be quite blue collar, it just depends on where you go. From the youthful energy of Cambridge to the more mature and laid back Brookline, from the ritzy Back Bay to the gritty winding streets of Roxbury... Boston carries on with confidence, for this is Titletown a city core to the formation of our country. This is where our founding fathers made history, this is where English civilization came to fruition in North America.
I had an incredible time in Boston, it is a truly wonderful city and up there with the finest in the world. It is a large, open and welcoming community with a small town at heart. Thank you Boston for the great experiences I will always have the city on my mind.

Raves
-Tons of vibrancy in the core city, lots of pedestrians and cyclists
-Universites
-Hospitals and medical institutions
-Parks with great views and variety of landscapes
-Arts institutions, public libraries
-BlueBike system, tons of stations with bikes in good condition and $10 day pass
-Fenway park, an absolute treasure and finest ballpark in baseball with the best ushers and staff
-Cheap and convenient public transit system, week unlimited pass is a deal
-Tons of history throughout the city and surrounding areas
Rants
-Vibrancy goes down significantly after hours, not much open at night past 9pm
-Massholes
-Old and slow trolley and subway system
-Road network makes no sense whatsoever

Blue Bike Stations Used:
30 Dane St
Alewife MBTA at Steel Place
Ball Sq
Beacon Street & David G Mugar Way
Beacon Street & Massachusetts Avenue
Broadway T Stop
Cambridge Main Library at Broadway / Trowbridge St
Central Square Post Office Bluebikes Stations
Centre Street & Seaverns Avenue
Chinatown T Stop
Columbia Rd at Tierney Community Center
Dartmouth Street & Boylston Street
Franklin Park - Seaver St. at Humbolt Ave
Green Street T Bluebikes Station
Harrison Avenue & Bennet Street
Harvard Square at Mass Ave/ Dunster
Hayes Square - Vine St at Moulton St
Hyde Square - Barbara St at Centre St
ID Building East
ID Building West
Ink Block - Harrison Ave at Herald St
Jackson Square Bluebikes Station
JFK/UMass T Stop
Kennedy-Longfellow School 158 Spring St
Main St at Thompson Sq
MIT at Mass Ave / Amherst St
One Broadway
Roslindale Village - Washington St
S Huntington Ave at Heath St
Savin Hill T Stop - S Sydney St at Bay St
Stony Brook T Stop
Stuart St at Charles St
Union Square - Somerville
University of Massachusetts Boston - Campus Center
Upham's Corner T Stop - Magnolia St at Dudley St
Wentworth Institute of Technology - Huntington Ave at Vancouver St

MBTA Stations Utilized:
Airport
Alewife
Aquarium
Back Bay Station
Boston Univ. East
Broadway
Chestnut HIll
Chinatown
Cleveland Circle
Copley
Downtown Crossing
Dudley Square Government Center
Green Street
Harvard
Harvard Avenue
Haymarket Station
Jackson Square
JFK / UMass
Kenmore
Longwood
Massachusetts Ave
Museum of Fine Arts
North Station
Quincy Center
Ruggles
Stony Brook
Summit Avenue
Symphony Station
Wellington

Eateries:
Bazaar on Cambridge
City Feed and Supply
Courthouse Seafood
Dunkin (original location)
Exodus Bagels
Faneuil Hall Marketplace
Finagle A Bagel
Gene’s Chinese Flatbread Cafe
J.P. Licks (original location)
Joe’s Famous Steak Subs
JP Whole Foods Market
Kupel’s Bakery
Market Basket
South End Whole Foods Market
Sweet Rice JP Thai Sushi
Tasty Burger (original location)
Trader Joe’s Back Bay
Trillium Brewing Company

Parks:
Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University
Assabet River National Wildlife Refuge
Back Bay Fens
Berkeley Community Garden
Blackstone Square
Boston Common
Boston National HIstorical Park
Boston Public Garden
Bunker HIll Monument
Castle Island
Channel Park
Chester Park
Copley Square
Corey HIll Overlook Park
Dorchester Heights
Dorchester Shores Reservation
East Boston Greenway
Fan Pier Park
Forest Hills Cemetery
Franklin Park
Franklin Square
Harriet Tubman Memorial
Jamaica Pond
Larz Anderson Park
LoPresti Park
Louisburg Square
M Street Beach
Malibu Beach
Millennium Park
Noanet Woodlands
North Point Park
Olmsted Park
Paul Revere Park
Peters Park
Prospect Hill Park
Reservoir Walking Trail (Weston Reservoir)
Riverbend Park
Savin HIll Park
Seven Hills Park
Thomas J Butler Memorial Park
Titus Sparrow Park

Attractions:
Boston City Hall
Boston College
Boston Opera House
Boston Public Library
Boston Symphony Hall
Boston University Bridge
Cambridge Public Library
Chinatown Gate
Coolidge Corner Farmers Market
Copley Place
Copp’s Hill Burying Ground
Drydock Center
Dugout Cafe
Encore Boston Harbor
Fenway Park
Gillette World Shaving Headquarters
Hancock Cemetery
Harvard Bridge
Harvard Business School
Harvard Stadium
Harvard Yard
Honan-Allston Branch of the Boston Public Library
John Fitzgerald Kennedy National Historic Site
John W. Weeks Footbridge
Long Wharf (South)
Longwood Medical and Academic Area
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts State House
Medford Square
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
Northeastern University
Paul Revere Statue
Samuel Adams Boston Brewery
Seaport World Trade Center
Shirley-Eustis House
Skywalk Obervatory
Sowa OPen Market
The James Blake House 1661
The Old House at Peace Field- Adams National Historical Park
Thomas Crane Public Library
Tuft University

Detail Notes:

Thursday
-Fly from Cincinnati CVG to Boston Logan while making a connecting flight stop in DCA
-Arrive at Logan in terminal B, I love the new terminal with large glass windows with the view of downtown
-My family picks me up and we immediately head to East Boston
-We walk around East Boston and check out the skyline views from LoPresti Park
-There is a lot of new development in the neighborhood, it feels like Boston’s version of Long Island City
-Walk back to the car and go by the East Boston Greenway
-We drive under the tunnel into downtown and then drive to the Seaport and park on A St.
-Grab beers at Trillium Brewing Company from the outdoor patio
-Then we go for a walk first around Fan Pier Park and then cross the Fort Point Channel into downtown
-Walk to Faneuil Hall Marketplace and get dinner, I get a platter from the Indian vendor, I love that there is a Magnolia Bakery vendor which I remember getting the banana pudding at the Upper West Side location in NYC
-Drive out to Natick to stay in Hotel

Friday
-Go out with family to Assabet River National Wildlife Refuge
-Walk around the beautiful Puffer Pond
-Walk on the trails and see some of the ammunition storage bunkers
Saturday
-Go to Bat-Mitzvah with family

Sunday
-Spend more time with family, go to relatives house in Jamaica Plain where I would stay for the week
-Go for a run around the Weston Reservoir
-Go out to the JP Licks on Centre St.
-Walk to the Jamaica Pond at night

Monday
-Wake up and go to the Centre St/Seaverns Ave Blue Bike station and pick up a bike
-Ride bike to Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University and bike up to the top of Peters Hill and catch the great view
-Bike down through Roslindale Village then to the Forest Hill station, I love all of the bike/walk trails and bike parking
-I then enter the SW Corridor Park and bike up to the Jackson Square station
-There are tons of other bike commuters making for an enjoyable ride with other fellow people on the trails
-I go to the Stop & Shop to get some chewy bars
-I continue biking down past the JP Whole Foods and make my way to Jamaica Pond where I bike around the Pond counter-clockwise
-A person lets me know I cannot bike on the path in the SW portion of the park so I head for the road on Francis Parkman Dr. and feel very uncomfortable with all of the cars, but once I get to Perkins St. I go back to the trail
-I then make my way up the Emerald Necklace, passing through Olmstead Park
-I go by Longwood Medical area, the MFA and the Back Bay Fens
-I make it to the Massachusetts Ave and take in the views of Cambridge and the Boston skyline
-I bike down through the Back Bay and to the Boston Public Library
-Inside former governor Bill Weld is doing an interview with WGBH and I sit in for a few minutes
-I then walk around and check out the Norman Leventhal map room which I love
-I then check out the various rooms in the old section of the library including the main reading room, which is beautiful and not too crowded or swarmed with tourists (unlike the Stephen A. Schwarzman Building in NYC public library)
-Bike over to the Boston Public Garden and check out the landscaping
-Then walk through Beacon Hill, I love the historic streets and architecture
-Check out Louisburg Square, which feels like a small version of Gramercy Park
-Walk to the Massachusetts Statehouse and go inside
-Check out the House of Representative Chamber and Senate Chamber
-I talk with one of the guards (who has a very strong Boston accent) who tells me I should visit the Governor's Foyer and tells me to look for Bill Weld’s portrait which is different from all the others, so I go and visit and it is very different!
-I leave the statehouse and go to the Granary Burying Ground, it is amazing to see such and old Cemetery and I check out the graves of John Hancock and Paul Revere
-Walk to Downtown Crossing (DTX) and I am very impressed by the pedestrian only streets and vibrancy
-I get noodles with a lamb skewer at Gene's Chinese Flatbread Cafe which is very good
-I then walk through Chinatown by the Chinatown Gate and love seeing all of the elderly people playing card games at Mary Soo Hoo Park
-I bike over through the seaport to the Seaport World Trade Center and catch the amazing views
-Continue to bike over to the Reebok World Headquarters and checkout the store/crossfit studio
-I bike around the drydocks, I really like the AT-AT looking cranes
-I then bike over Summer St. and then to 1st street to Thomas J Butler Memorial Park and then make my way to Castle Island
-I dismount my bike (not suppose to bike along the paths on Castle Island) and walk around the Fort Independence and check out the views of planes landing at Logan, I do see quite a few large jets landing from overseas
-I walk around Pleasure Bay to Head Island and then get back on my bike after going to the Harbourwalk
-I bike along M Street Beach and then make my way up to Dorchester Heights up on Telegraph Hill. This area has great views of downtown and feels somewhat like San Francisco
-I bike back over Traveler St. through Channel Park and then go to the Chinatown Orange Line and Ride to Stony Brook
-I then bike over to Franklin Park where I check out White Stadium as there is a high school soccer game going on
-Then bike around the park stopping by the gates of the Zoo and then the Franklin Park Overlook Ruins
-Then I go back where I am staying in JP and go for a run...making a loop from the Pond to the SW Corridor Park then down to Forrest Hills then back up to the Pond

Tuesday
-Walk to Green street and take Orange Line to DTX...then transfer to Red Line, it is very crowded on the platford at the crossing
-Ride North on Red Line crossing the Charles River and to Alewife
-Station feels very Eurpean as there are lots of buses and bike parking
-Bike along Somerville Community Path to Davis station
-Bike north to Medford and check out Tufts University Campus, I love the buildings and greenery
-Bike north across the Mystic River and then to Medford Square
-Continue biking south to Magoun Square, checking out the very residential streets of Somerville
-Go to Market Basket to get some more chewy bars and get a sports drink
-Bike down to Harvard
-Check out the Harvard campus, I first start on the east side of campus and then make my way to the Harvard Yard and Harvard Square
-Bike over to the Cambridge Public Library for a quick phone charge
-Bike over through Inman Square and Union Square
-Bike up to Prospect Hill Park and check out the views of downtown Boston
-Bike through the Central Redline stop and bike over to the west side of the MIT campus to BU bridge
-Bike across BU bridge and check out all of the students crossing the street during class changes on Commonwealth Ave
-Bike back across the bridge taking in the view and then bike along the river on the Dr. Dudley White Bike Path
-When I get to Massachusetts Ave I walk around campus (I get a tour guide map) and check out some of the cool buildings such as Kresge Auditorium and the great dome. The MIT campus is much more visitor friendly than Harvard, you can really go in a lot more buildings
-Then I bike over to check out the Kendall Square area and check out MIT Sloan
-I make my way up to East Cambridge and have a salmon platter at Courthouse Seafood
-I then bike down through North Point Park and Paul Revere Park to Charlestown
-I check out the Boston National Historical Park on the water and then make my way into Charlestown
-I like Charlestown is does have a similar feeling to South Boston and is surprisingly nicer than I thought it would be and lots of very nice looking housing
-I make my way to the Bunker Hill Monument
-Then I run down to catch the ferry (which is included with 7-day MBTA pass) at the Charlestown Navy Yard Ferry Terminal
-Take 7 minute Ferry ride to the Aquarium Terminal and get great views of the harbour and downtown
-I take the Blue Line from the Aquarium to Government Center
-Then I take the D train Green Line to Kenmore
-Get off at Kenmore and walk to Fenway Park, I walk around the park before the gates open and get in line
-Go inside the park (get Bathan Eovaldi bobblehead giveaway) then check out the team store
-Inside awesome teamstore, I go to the back room where there is memorabilia and get an autograph from Julian Tavarez
-I walk into the stadium and I walk right down to home plate, then over to left field and onto the Green Monster, then on the upper deck around to right field, then down to the bleachers then back behind home plate. I love how you are allowed to go nearly everywhere in the park before the game starts (as opposed to Wrigley Field or Yankee Stadium). The ushers are so friendly and really go out of their way to make a great experience.
-Go to 5th row in Grandstand section 19 to watch the game which is a great view
-See a lot of Red Sox Legends in the Park (Pedro Martinez and Carlton Fisk)
-See Mike Yastrzemski hit a home run and the crowd gives a standing ovation
-Leave game and head to Tasty Burger
-Walk across the Fens and see a movie being filmed at the MFA coming to Netflix called ‘The Sleepover’
-Catch 39 Bus back to accommodation
Wednesday
-Wake up and bike over to Exodus Bagels, I get a plain with cream cheese
-Bike through Roxbury, go by Boston Latin Academy and up through Dudley Square
-Check out the Shirley-Eustis House
-Bike to Upham’s Corner and check out the Dorchester North Burying Ground. I love all of the street art murals in Roxbury and Dorchester, while these are some of the poorer neighborhoods in the city, they still are not that down looking and have a good community feel
-Check out the James Blake House (built in 1661!)
-Bike to the JFK/UMass Red Line stop and head south to Quincy Center
-Check out downtown Quincy and visit Hancock Cemetery which is very cool (set apart in 1640!)
-Walk up to check out the Adams National Park Visitor Center and then the The Old House at Peace Field, then I walk to the Quincy Homestead
-Walk through Faxon Field and then go to the Original Dunkin Donuts on Southern Artery and get a 10 pcs munchkins (and immediately eat all of them)
-Walk back downtown and check out inside Thomas Crane Public Library
-Take Red Line back to JFK/UMass and bike along Dorchester Shores Reservation
-Bike around JFK Presidential Library and then check out the UMass Boston Campus, I take a break in the beautiful cafeteria overlooking the water and charge my phone and rest for a few minutes
-I then bike down around Savin Hill Cove past the Vietnam War Memorial and over to Malibu Beach
-Then I bike up to the top of Savin Hill but the view is disappointing as there really isn’t a view
-I then take the Red Line from Savin Hill to Broadway and check out the Gillette HQ complex and take in the views from the city
-I bike to the South End Whole Foods and get a turkey sandwich
-I then go to Emerson and check out the buildings there and eat my turkey sandwich and then walk through the North End
-I check out the Paul Revere Statue, Old North Church and Copp’s Hill Burial Ground
-Go to North Station and catch the Green E line to the MFA
-Check out the MFA which is very very impressive, my favorite section is the American landscape paintings. I also see some work done by Frank Duveneck who is from where I live in Covington, KY (right across the bridge from Cincinnati)
-Bike over to meet a friend at Harvard, to get there I bike through Longwood and catch the stunning sunset John W. Weeks Footbridge
-Take Red Line from Harvard Square to DTX then take Orange line to Jackson Square
-Bike to the JP Whole foods and get 2 cans of beans to eat
-Bike back to accommodation, eat beans and go to sleep

Thursday
-Wake up and take Orange Line to Wellington, there is a Dunkin in the stop and there are many locals waiting to get their fix
-Take the Encore shuttle to the Encore Casino (originally I got on the employee shuttle)
-Walk through the Casino and grounds, the physical plant is amazing and there are some nice views of the Mystic but overall I am not that impressed as the shopping is not that high end and the minimums are high for the table games
-I take the shuttle back to Wellington and then take Orange Line to Back Bay Station then I take the Green B line from Copley Square to Harvard Ave
-I then walk to Bazaar on Cambridge and get ½ pound of lox and a loaf of dark brown sourdough rye 'Borodinsky bread.'
-I eat outside at a local park right next to the Honan-Allston Branch of the Boston Public Library and then check out the library inside
-I then walk over to Harvard Stadium and check it out and the Harvard Business School and check out the campus and meet with a friend there briefly
-I catch the 66 bus back down to Harvard Ave into Brookline where I grab a bagel at Kupel's Bakery walk around and check out the JFK National Historic Site
-Then make my way down to Coolidge Corner and then check out the Brookline Farmers Market
-Then walk on Beacon Street and up Summit Ave to Corey Hill Overlook Park which the views are ok but then walk back down and catch the Green Line C train
-Get off at the end of the C train at Cleveland Circle and walk around Chestnut Hill Reservoir from the north side
-I then walk through Boston College Football stadium and the campus, which is very beautiful
-I then walk down Hammond St. to the Chestnut HIll D train and take it to Longwood station
-I walk through Longwood at all of the world class medical schools and institutions and walk by Boston Latin School
-I then walk through Northeastern campus and go to Ruggles station and catch a brand new Orange Line train which I take to Chinatown
-I then walk though the Boston Common and grab a Mcdonalds burgefries/McChicken and eat on a bench in the common and do some people watching
-Then I go to the Boston Opera House to see the premiere the 2019-2020 Boston Ballet which is a performance of Giselle which I love
-After the show then check out the new downtown Taco Bell but it is a complete mess so I just take an Uber back

Friday
-Wake up and go to Green St. Orange Line, there is a brand new train but it is going outbound to Forrest Hills so I take an old train to Massachusetts Ave station and walk through the SW Corridor Park. I love the juxtaposition of the historic walk ups to the towering skyscrapers
-I make my way to Harriet Tubman Square, Chester Park, Franklin Square and Jackson Square
-I walk through the Berklee Community Garden
-I then walk up to check out the Boston Marathon Bombing Memorial Finish Line and get a bagel w/cream cheese at Finagleabagel
-Then I meet some friends and walk through the Copley Place shops and then go up to the Skydeck on the top of the Prudential Building
-The views are great but I do not think worth the $20+ price of admission. Its is cool though to see all of the places I have been from a birds eye view, especially the water and all of the rowhouse neighborhoods
-Then take Prudential Green Line to Haymarket and check out the farmers market
-I then head to City Hall Plaza and take in the Boston Climate Strike
-Next I take Green Line E train from Government Center to Symphony Hall and go inside
-I see performance of the Boston Symphony I get a seat on the first balcony to have a view of the two piano concerto. There is also a world premiere piece commissioned by the BSO and Beethoven's Fantasia featuring The Tanglewood Festival Chorus.
-After the Symphony I take the Orange Line to Stoney Brook and get some bagels from City Feed
-In evening head to Millenium Park and go for a run, take trail down to the Charles River and then take in the sunset from atop the skyline loop
-Go out to dinner at Sweet Rice in JP

Saturday
-I go for a morning run, I first cross the Emerald Necklace into Brookline to check out Larz Anderson Park. Then I go through the Arboretum and the Bussey Brook Meadow to the Forest Hills Cemetery. I visit the burial places of Revolutionary War General Joseph Warren, Poet E.E. Cummings, Abolitionist William Llyod Garrison and Nobel Laureate Playwright Eugene O'Neil.
-Then I go to the Sam Adams Brewery and go for a toutasting where I try the Boston Lager, Oktoberfest, and Pumpkin Ale
-Then take 39 bus to the Back Bay and walk down Newbury St and check out all of the shops
-Get a burrito at the Back Bay Trader Joes and then walk to the Boston Common where the ‘Freedom Fest’ is taking place, there is a lot of smoke which I cannot handle so I walk around
-I check out the ‘Friends’ couch set and then take the Silver Line from Tuft Medical Center to Dudley Square
-I get a shredded beef sandwich at Joe’s which is really big just what I needed
-Then I take the 28 bus to the orange line back to JP
-At night I take 39 bus to Copley and take Green Line B train to Boston University East and I go see the Mendoza Line Comedy show at the Dugout Cafe

Sunday
-I wake up and take bus to the South end and check out the SoWa open market, I check out the food stalls, outdoor crafts market, indoor vintage market and artist studios
-I then grab some food at the South End Whole Foods and then take Orange Line/Orange line shuttle back to JP
-Then go for an afternoon run through the Noanet Woodland and catch the nice view of downtown Boston and forest from the top of the lookout

Monday
-Wake up before dawn, and take Orange Line to the Blue Line at Government Center and take the Blue Line to the Airport
-Check out the skyline from the terminal one last time and then fly back to CVG
submitted by redsox92 to boston [link] [comments]

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